Global Urban Change

Cards (15)

  • Urban areas are human-made, built up town and cities
  • Rural areas are green and often undeveloped countrysides
  • Urbanisation is the increasing percentage of people living in urban areas compared to rural areas
    • The percentage of urban populations is uneven globally
    • Highly urbanised countries are in North America, Europe and Oceania
    • Lowest percentage of urban populations are in Africa and Asia
    • A few African countries have populations of over 80% urbanised
    • Many South American nations have more than 80% of their population living in cities
    • The percentage of urban populations is uneven globally
    • Highly urbanised countries are in North America, Europe and Oceania
    • Lowest percentage of urban populations are in Africa and Asia
    • A few African countries have populations of over 80% urbanised
    • Many South American nations have more than 80% of their population living in cities
    • Many Asian countries have urban populations below 80%
    • No North American countries have urban populations below 60%
    • Africa has a lower percentage of people living in urban areas than Europe
    • Africa has the greatest variety of people living in urban areas
  • Megacities are urban areas with more than 10 million inhabitants
    • Megacities are found in most inhabited continents
    • Africa has only 3 megacities
    • There are 3 megacites in North America
    • South-eastern Asia has the highest concentration of megacities
    • Oceania has no megacities
    • South America's megacities are only found on the east coast
    • Megacities are not only found in richer, more developed countries
    • Megacities are not only found in highly urbanised countries
  • Natural increase means the populations grow as the number of live births exceeds the number of deaths
  • Birth rates rise because...
    • More young people are most likely to find partners
    • Couples have lots of babies as many die young
    • More babies survive to become young adults (18-35)
  • Death rates fall because...
    • Improvements in healthcare and medicine
    • Better quantity and quality of agriculture
  • Rural-urban migration is the movement of people from the countryside to towns and cities
  • Push factors are flaws driving people out of an area of elsewhere
  • Pull factors are positive aspects which attract people to a new place
  • Push factors
    • Mechanisation of farming
    • Few doctors or hospitals
    • Rural areas are isolated with poor access
    • Diversification and soil erosion make farming difficult
    • Natural disasters and extreme physical conditions
    • Drought reduces crop yields and leads to famine
    • Lack of clean and reliable water sources
    • High levels of crime
    • War and corrupt governments
  • Pull factors
    • Greater variety of well-paid jobs
    • Friends and family have already moved
    • Entertainment facilities are available
    • Freedom of political and religious expression
    • Big companies offering skilled-jobs
    • Better medical facilities with trained doctors
    • Better chance of receiving an education