ICT

• Communication channels (4)

  Television, radio, mobile phone, computer systems
• 3 Concepts of Computer Systems

  Software, Hardware, Peopleware
• Main contributor in ICT which is the necessity in the entire computer system

  Software
• Concepts of software (3)

  Consistent and proper use rather than adaptation

  Vulnerability to hardware changes (Software is not vulnerable to the environmental changes)

  Software is custom-made
• Who the computer began with (19th century English mathematics professor)

  Charles Babbage
• Designed by Charles B., basic framework computers now are based on

  Analytical Engine
• Three generations of computer and their year

  First (1937-1946)

  Second (1947-1962)

  Third (1963 - present)
• The first electronic digital computer was built by Dr. John V. Atanasoff and Clifford Berry in 1937 and was called the Atanasoff-Berry Computer (ABC).
• In 1943, an electronic computer named the Colossus was built for the military.
• Computer developments continued until in 1946 the first general-purpose digital computer, the Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer (ENIAC), was built.
• The ENIAC weighed 30 tons and had 18,000 vacuum tubes which were used for processing.
• When the ENIAC was turned on for the first time, lights dimmed in sections of Philadelphia.
• Computers of the first generation could only perform single tasks and had no operating system.
• The second generation of computers used transistors instead of vacuum tubes which were more reliable.
• In 1951, the first computer for commercial use was introduced to the public; the Universal Automatic Computer (UNIVAC 1).
• In 1953, the International Business Machine (IBM) 650 and 700 series computers made their mark in the computer world.
• During the second generation of computers, over 100 computer programming languages were developed, computers had memory and operating systems.
• Storage media such as tape and disk were in use also were printers for output.
• The invention of integrated circuit brought us the third generation of computers.
• With the invention of integrated circuit, computers became smaller, more powerful, more reliable and they are able to run many different programs at the same time.
• In 1980, Microsoft Disk Operating System (MS-Dos) was born and in 1981, IBM introduced the personal computer (PC) for home and office use.
• Three years later, Apple gave us the Macintosh computer with its icon driven interface and the 90s gave us Windows operating system.
• ASIMO - ASIMO (Advanced Step in Innovative MObility) is a humanoid robot created by Honda in 2000. It is currently displayed in the Miraikan museum in Tokyo, Japan.
• Big Dog was a dynamically stable quadruped military robot created in 2005 by Boston Dynamics with Foster-Miller, the NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, and the Harvard University Concord Field Station. It was funded by DARPA, but the project was shelved after the BigDog was deemed too loud for combat
• car-sized rover designed to explore the crater Gale on Mars as part of NASA's Mars Science Laboratory mission (MSL)


  Curiosity
• SIMROID was especially designed to address patient stress or discomfort, a growing concern
• da Vinci Surgical System is a robotic surgical system made by the American company Intuitive Surgical.
• As for future of computers, one known technology that involves computer is ROBOTICS where a computer microcontroller serves as the brain of the electro-mechanical and programmable machines
• founder of Microsoft Corporation

  William Henry Gates III
• co-founder of Facebook as chairman and CEO

  Mark Elliot Zuckerberg
• CEO and co-founder of Apple Inc., shareholder of Pixar

  Steven Paul Jobs
• Computer Revolutionary Improvements

  Pascaline

  •Differential Engine

  •Napiers Bone

  •Slide Rule •MARK 1 •ENIAC

  •EDVAC & UNIVAC

  IBM
• ICT is seen as a diverse set of technological tools and resources used to communicate, create, disseminate, store and manage information
• Philippines was considered as the ICT Hub of asia due to the rapid growth of BPO or Business Process Outsorcing
• NOTABLE CONTRIBUTORS

  Charles Babbage

  Herman Hollerth

  Lady Ada Augusta Byron

  John Napier

  William Oughtred

  Allan Turing

  John Von Neumann
• met Charles Babbage and a contibutor of the Differential Engine

  Lady Ada Augusta Byron
• made the first calculator

  John Napier
• father of AI

  Allan Turing
• made the concept of input - process - output; microcontroller

  John von Neumann
• ENIAC was designed by John Mauchly and J. Presper Eckert t