HISTORY OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

• Most architectural design in medieval and ancient was carried out by artisans.
• In 4000 BC - 2000 BC, earliest practices of civil engineering were in ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia.
• In 2700 BC - 2500 BC, Pyramids in Egypt are some instances of large structure and construction.
• Colosseum in Rome, 2700 BC - 2500 BC.
• Great Wall of China, 2700 BC - 2500 BC.
• Taj Mahal in India, 2700 BC - 2500 BC.
• In 312 BC, the first major Roman road, the famed Appian Way or "Queen of The Roads" was constructed to serve as a supply route.
• In 27 BC, Opus Caementicium or Roman concrete paved the way for the architectural frenzies of the first Roman emperor Agustus.
• In 18th Century, the first used of term "Civil Engineering".
• In 1747, the first Civil Engineering School, the Ecole Nationale Des Ponts et Chaussees was established in France by Daniel-Charles Trudaine. It is one of the most prestigious and oldest French Grandes Escoles and it was under the Ministry of Ecology, Sustainable Development and Energy.
• John Smeaton formed the Smeatonian Society of Civil Engineers on 1771 and constructed the Eddyston Lighthouse.
• The first degree in Civil Engineering in the US was awarded by Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute on 1835.
• The first Civil Engineering degree awarded to Nora Stanton Blach by Cornell University on 1905.
• Maestro de Obras or Master Builders.
• In 1868, Bureau of Public Works and Highways (Obras Publicas) and Bureau of Communications and Transportation (Communicationes y Meteologia) were organized under a Civil Engineer known as "Director General".
• In November 24, 1892, the line from Manila to Dagupan with a total length of 195.4 km started it's first operation.
• In 1892, there are two types of construction under Spanish regime: Pavement of Cut Spanish Road, Cut Adobe Stone Pavement (ordinario size, 20 by 20 cm and 50 cm long), Rubble-Stone Pavement, Cobblestones (10 to 30 cm in diameters).
• In 1898, Gen. Emilio Aquinaldo issued Organic Decree establishing the Philippine Revolutionary Government creating the 4 government department among which was the Department of War and Public Works now Department of National Defense.
• In 1899, Malolos Constitution was ratified during General Assembly of Congress, and the first Council of Government of the First Philippine Republic was created.
• From January 21, 1899 to May 7, 1899, Apolinario Mabini as President of Cabinet and Gracio Gonzaga as Secretary of Public Welfare. Pedro Paterno replaced Mabini and created the 7 departments including the Communicaciones y Obras Publicas (Communications and Public Works Department) and Maximo Paterno as secretary of it.
• US Major-General Elwell S. Otis, the Military Governor of the Philippines, announced US President William McKinley's instructions for Island's benevolent assimilation on January 4, 1899.
• In 1900, Liceo de Manila was founded and led by Leon Ma. Guerrero which offers academic title for Maestro de Obras.
• In 1900, introduction of reinforced concrete and it's use in the construction of the Masonic Temple (Grand Lodge of the Philippines), the first multi-structure in Escolta, Manila.
• Introduction of Macadam Road Type in 1900.
• On February 6, 1901, Virtue Act of No. 83 passed by the Philippine Commission, public works and projects were placed under the "Provincial Supervisions" also known as 1901 Municipal Code.
• On September 14, 1902, Academia de Arquitectura y Agrimensura de Filipinas was founded.
• In 1902, Act Nos. 222 and 268 were passed creating the Department of Commerce and Police which gave birth to Bureau of Engineering and Construction of Public Works and Bureau of Architecture and Construction of Public Buildings.
• Philippine Bill of 1902 or Philippine Organic Act on July 1, 1902.
• The first Railroad Legislation Act (Philippine Commission Act No. 554) was passed on December 8, 1902 granting the Manila Railroad Company (MRRCo) the right to construct branch lines.
• The AAFF changed their name in 1903 to Academia de Arquitectura, Ingeniera y Agrimensura de Filipinas.
• In 1904, AIAAF merged with Liceo de Manila creating the Escuela de Ingeniera y Arquitectura, which offered 5 year course in Architecture and Civil Engineering.
• In 1905, The Escuela closed.
• On October 26, 1905, the Bureau of Public Works was created and placed under Department of Commerce and Police.
• Act No. 1401 of the Philippine Commission abolished engineering districts and their positions on October 4, 1905.
• The Oldest Engineering School in the Philippines was Faculty of Engineering of UST which offers MSCE headed by Don Ramon Irureta-Goyena on May 18, 1907.
• The Escuela reopened with a 3 year course for Architecture, Civil Engineering, and Electrical Engineering in 1908.
• Appointment of Mr. W.J Colbert as acting dean of COE in UP on June 3, 1910 and was set to effect on June 13, 1910.
• In 1910, the first part-time instructor, Mr. Jose P. Katigbak in graphics.
• First appearance of Motor Vehicles in the Philippine Highways in 1910.
• AIAAF was dissolved in 1911.