Alkenes and Alcohols (AS)

Cards (18)

  • Alkenes are unsaturated hydrocarbons that contain at least one double bond between carbon atoms.
  • Have a general formula of CnH²n
  • Mix alkane with bromine water - bromine water stays orange.
  • Mix alkene with bromine water - bromine water goes from orange to colourless.
  • Steroeisomers have the same structural and molecular formula but their atoms are arranged differently in space.
  • Structural isomers have the same molecular formula but a different structural formula.
  • Substitution reaction occurs when one part of a compound is replaced by another.
  • In electrophilic addition, the double bond is a region of high electron density it is easily attacked by electrophiles.
  • The major product is more stable than the minor product.
  • A tertiary carbonation has 3 R groups attached.
  • A secondary carbonation had 2 R groups attatched.
  • A primary carbocation has one R group attached.
  • Polymer - a long chain molecule made from lots of small molecules joined together.
  • Monomer - small molecules that join together to make polymers.
  • Addition polymerisation - formation of long chain molecules from lots of small molecules joining together with no other products.
  • Intermolecular forces between polymer chains are weak.
  • Longer chains with fewer branches have stronger intermolecular forces, making them stronger and more rigid.
  • Plasticisers can be added to polymers to modify their properties making it more bendy.