digestive system

• The salivary glands produce saliva, which contains enzymes that begin the process of breaking down carbohydrates.
• The oesophagus is a muscular tube that transports chewed food from the mouth to the stomach through a series of coordinated muscle contractions known as peristalsis.
• The stomach acts as a storage and mixing chamber for food. Gastric juices containing hydrochloric acid and digestive enzymes help break down proteins. The resulting mixture, known as chyme, is then slowly released into the small intestine.
• The first part of the small intestine where chyme mixes with bile from the liver and pancreatic enzymes to further break down fats, proteins, and carbohydrates.
• The liver produces bile, which is stored in the gallbladder. Bile aids in the digestion and absorption of fats by emulsifying them into smaller droplets, making it easier for enzymes to break them down.
• The gallbladder stores and releases bile into the small intestine as needed to aid in the digestion of fats.
• The pancreas secretes digestive enzymes into the small intestine to further break down carbohydrates, fats, and proteins.
• The remaining undigested food, water, and electrolytes move from the small intestine to the large intestine. Water is absorbed, and the remaining material forms feces.
• The rectum stores feces until they are ready to be eliminated.
• The anus is the opening through which feces are expelled from the body during the process of defecation.
• The digestive system is a highly coordinated and intricate system that ensures the proper breakdown of food, absorption of nutrients, and elimination of waste, contributing to the overall well-being of the body.