Simplex, Varicella, Cytomegalo, HHV6, 7, 8; Lymphocypto.

• Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is part of the Herpesviridae family, which includes Alphaherpesvirinae, Betaherpesvirinae, and Gammaherpesvirinae.
• Alphaherpesvirinae are characterized by a wide spectrum of host, growing in all types of cells.
• Simplexvirus, a type of Alphaherpesvirinae, includes Herpes simplex HHV1 and 2.
• Varicellavirus, another type of Alphaherpesvirinae, is known as herpes zoster HHV3.
• Betaherpesvirinae are specific for species, sensitive to multiplication in culture.
• Cytomegalovirus, a type of Betaherpesvirinae, is known as HHV5.
• Roseolovirus, another type of Betaherpesvirinae, includes HHV6 and 7.
• Gammaherpesvirinae are tropic for lymphoid cells.
• Lymphocryptovirus, a type of Gammaherpesvirinae, is known as Epstein- Barr HHV4.
• Rhadinovirus, another type of Gammaherpesvirinae, is known as HHV8.
• Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is composed of an envelope, a sheet, and a replicative cycle in fibroblast and endothelial cells.
• HSV can infect every human cell.
• Diagnosis of EBV can be done through clinical symptoms, detection of antibodies in serum using indirect immunofluorescence, and PCR.
• HHV-6 is a lymphotropic human virus that primarily infects T lymphocytes and can cause symptoms such as fever and maculopapular exanthema (Roseola infantum or Exanthema subitum).
• During pregnancy, there is a risk of fetal transmission of cytomegalovirus (CMV) which can cause symptoms such as hepatosplenomegaly, icterus, thrombocytopenia, deafness, ocular defects, microcephaly, and cerebral calcifications.
• Treatment for CMV includes ganciclovir, foscarnet, or cidofovir along with gamma globulins, but there are no vaccines available.
• HHV-8 is found in Kaposi sarcoma and primarily infects B lymphocytes. It is associated with cutaneous and mucosal lesions, and there are four variants of the virus.
• Treatment for EBV includes ganciclovir.
• Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) or HHV-4 is a lymphocryptovirus that primarily infects B lymphocytes. It is the etiological agent of infectious mononucleosis and can cause symptoms such as general discomfort, lymphadenopathy, tonsillitis, spleen enlargement, and liver enlargement.
• CMV can be diagnosed through the detection of the virus in saliva, urine, or leukocytes, as well as through inoculation in fibroblast cultures and viral identification using immunofluorescence or PCR.
• HHV-7 is similar to HHV-6 and also causes childhood diseases with clinical symptoms resembling Roseola. It has been associated with cutaneous manifestations like Gilbert pityriasis.
• Genus Simplexvirus is part of the Herpesviridae family.
• Alphaherpesvirinae is a subfamily of Simplexvirus that has a wide spectrum of hosts and can grow in all types of cells.
• Simplexvirus includes Herpes simplex HHV1 and 2.
• Varicellavirus is another subfamily of Simplexvirus that includes herpes zoster HHV3.
• Betaherpesvirinae is a subfamily of Simplexvirus that is specific for species and can multiply in culture.
• Cytomegalovirus HHV5 is a member of the Betaherpesvirinae subfamily.
• Roseolovirus HHV6 and 7 are also members of the Betaherpesvirinae subfamily.
• Gammaherpesvirinae is a subfamily of Simplexvirus that has a trophism for lymphoid cells.
• Lymphocryptovirus includes Epstein-Barr HHV4.
• Rhadinovirus includes HHV8.
• Herpes simplex (HSV) is made up of an envelope, a sheet, and replicates in fibroblast and endothelial cells.
• HSV type 1 manifests as cutaneous and mucosal herpetic manifestations, typically in the perioral and buccal areas.
• HSV type 2 causes genital herpes and is transmitted through contact with the skin and mucosa.
• Varicellovirus HHV3, also known as VZV, causes chickenpox and herpes zoster.
• Chickenpox is an exanthem manifestation of childhood, characterized by cutaneous papules that evolve into vesicles.
• Herpes zoster presents as cutaneous vesicles in areas innervated by sensitive nerves, accompanied by severe pain.
• Cytomegalovirus HHV5, also known as CMV, has a tropism for mucous, mononucleated, and endothelial cells.
• CMV can cause complications such as pulmonitis, encephalitis, and Menetrier disease.