4.1.1 Transverse and longitudinal waves

• How do compressions and rarefactions relate to sound waves?

  They are the wave forms in longitudinal waves
• How do particles in longitudinal waves move?

  They move back and forth in the same direction
• What are longitudinal waves?

  Waves where particles move parallel to wave direction
• What is the relationship between wavelength and wave propagation?

  • Wavelength is the distance between consecutive crests or troughs of a wave
  • Wavelength is inversely proportional to the frequency of the wave
  • Wavelength determines the direction of wave propagation
• What type of waves are shown in the fifth image?

  Light waves
• What are the waves shown in the first image?

  Sea waves
• How do the waves on guitar strings differ from other types of waves?

  • Guitar strings vibrate transversely, creating waves that travel along the length of the string
  • The waves on guitar strings are mechanical waves, like sound waves
  • The frequency and wavelength of the waves depend on the string's tension, length, and thickness
  • Plucking or strumming the string causes it to vibrate and produce musical notes
• How does the movement of particles in transverse waves compare to wave propagation?

  Particle movement is perpendicular to propagation
• What type of toy is shown in the second image?

  Spring toy
• What are the key characteristics of sea waves?

  • Originate from wind blowing over the ocean surface
  • Travel in a horizontal direction
  • Exhibit a repeating pattern of crests and troughs
  • Can vary in height, wavelength, and frequency
• How do particles move in transverse waves?

  They move in a direction perpendicular to the wave
• How does a spring toy illustrate transverse waves?

  Coils vibrate vertically while the wave moves along
• What type of waves travel through space as electromagnetic waves?

  Transverse waves
• How are sound waves different from other types of waves?

  • Sound waves are mechanical waves that require a medium to propagate
  • They travel as oscillations of pressure and density in the medium
  • Sound waves have lower frequencies and longer wavelengths compared to light waves
  • They can be reflected, refracted, and diffracted by objects in their path
• What are the key differences between transverse waves and longitudinal waves?

  • Transverse Waves:
  • Particle Movement: Perpendicular to wave direction
  • Wave Form: Peaks and troughs
  • Examples: Light, water waves
  • Longitudinal Waves:
  • Particle Movement: Parallel to wave direction
  • Wave Form: Compressions and rarefactions
  • Examples: Sound waves
• What type of waves are shown in the fourth image?

  Sound waves
• How do sea waves demonstrate transverse wave characteristics?

  Water particles move up and down while traveling horizontally
• What are the key differences between longitudinal and transverse waves?

  • Longitudinal waves: Particles move parallel to wave propagation
  • Transverse waves: Particles move perpendicular to wave propagation
  • Examples of longitudinal waves: Sound waves
  • Examples of transverse waves: Ripples on water, electromagnetic waves
• How do sound waves travel when someone speaks?

  They compress and stretch air particles
• What is the definition of a transverse wave?

  Transverse waves are those waves in which the particles of the medium move perpendicular to the direction of the propagation of the wave.
• Which type of wave is exemplified by sound waves?

  Longitudinal waves
• If the wavelength of a wave increases, what happens to its frequency?

  The frequency decreases
• What are the key characteristics of light waves?

  • Propagate as oscillating electric and magnetic fields
  • Travel at the speed of light (3 x 10^8 m/s)
  • Can exhibit properties like interference and diffraction
  • Vary in wavelength and frequency
• What is the effect of sound waves on air particles?

  They move from the speaker to your ears
• How does a spring toy demonstrate wave motion?

  • The spring compresses and expands, creating a repeating wave-like motion
  • The wave travels through the spring in a vertical direction
  • The wave can be reflected back when it reaches the end of the spring
• What is the name of the wave shown in the bottom image?

  Longitudinal wave
• What type of waves are shown in the third image?

  Guitar strings
• What are the key features of transverse and longitudinal waves?

  • Transverse Waves:
  • Particle Movement: Perpendicular
  • Wave Form: Peaks and troughs
  • Longitudinal Waves:
  • Particle Movement: Parallel
  • Wave Form: Compressions/rarefactions
• What happens to electric and magnetic fields in light waves?

  They vibrate while light travels
• How do particles move in transverse waves?

  Particles move up and down
• What is the main difference between transverse and longitudinal waves?

  Direction of particle movement relative to wave propagation
• In what direction do sound waves in air move?

  Back and forth
• What is the definition of a longitudinal wave?

  Longitudinal waves are those waves in which the particles of the medium move parallel to the propagation of the wave.
• How do longitudinal waves create movement?

  Through compressions and rarefactions of particles
• What is the medium for sound waves in solids?

  Solid particles
• What is the name of the wave shown in the top image?

  Transverse wave
• What type of waves are longitudinal waves?

  Waves that create movement through compressions
• What happens when a speaker vibrates?

  It pushes and pulls air particles together
• How do coils in a slinky wave move?

  In a parallel direction
• Which type of wave is exemplified by water waves?

  Transverse waves