respiratory diseases

• Respiratory Distress Syndrome of the Newborn

  A condition in premature babies with underdeveloped lungs, caused by a deficiency of surfactant, a substance that reduces surface tension in the lungs and is necessary for proper lung function
• Surfactant

  A substance that reduces surface tension in the lungs, essential for proper lung function.
• Cystic Fibrosis

  A genetic condition caused by mutations in the CFTR protein, leading to the production of thick mucus in the lungs and other organs
• CFTR Protein

  The cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator, which plays a crucial role in ion transport across cell membranes
• Pneumonia

  An inflammatory lung condition affecting the alveoli, caused by bacteria, viruses, or fungi
• Alveoli

  Small air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange occurs.
• Bacterial Pneumonia

  A type of pneumonia often caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria
• Tuberculosis

  An infectious disease involving the inhalation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, leading to a lung infection
• Mycobacterium Tuberculosis (Mtb)

  The bacteria causing tuberculosis, primarily affecting the lungs
• Asthma

  A chronic condition involving airway inflammation, obstruction, and bronchial hyperresponsiveness
• Bronchial Hyperresponsiveness

  Results from excessive narrowing of airways, Leads to wheezing, shortness of breath, and coughing due to increased airway resistance
• Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)

  A group of lung diseases including emphysema and chronic bronchitis, causing airflow limitation
• Emphysema

  Destruction of alveoli in the lungs due to cigarette smoking and other gases
• Chronic Bronchitis

  Inflammation of the bronchial tube lining, characterized by daily cough and mucus production