filtration and crystallisation

• What are physical separation techniques used for?

  To separate mixtures
• Can physical separation techniques separate elements in a compound?

  No, they cannot separate elements in compounds
• What does filtration separate?

  Insoluble solid from a liquid
• What does the term 'insoluble' mean?

  Will not dissolve in the liquid
• What is the state symbol for a solid?

  S
• What is the state symbol for a liquid?

  L
• What does the state symbol AQ represent?

  Dissolved in water
• How can we separate silver chloride from water?

  By using filtration
• What is the purpose of a filter paper in filtration?

  To trap solid material
• What is the liquid that passes through the filter paper called?

  Filtrate
• What is the second physical separation technique discussed?

  Crystallization
• What happens to sodium chloride when mixed with water?

  It dissolves
• What does crystallization separate?

  Soluble solid from a liquid
• How can we speed up the crystallization process?

  By gently heating the solution
• What should we be cautious about when heating certain chemicals?

  They may break down
• What happens to sodium chloride after water evaporates?

  It forms solid crystals
• What state symbol indicates sodium chloride is no longer dissolved?

  S
• What are the steps involved in the filtration process?

  • Pour mixture into filter paper
  • Liquid passes through filter paper
  • Solid is trapped in filter paper
  • Collect the filtrate (liquid)
• What are the steps involved in the crystallization process?

  • Dissolve soluble solid in liquid
  • Allow solution to sit for days
  • Water evaporates
  • Solid crystals form
• What are physical separation techniques used for?

  To separate mixtures
• Can physical separation techniques separate elements in a compound?

  No, they cannot separate elements in a compound
• What is filtration used for?

  To separate an insoluble solid from a liquid
• What does the term 'insoluble' mean?

  It will not dissolve in the liquid
• What is the state symbol for a solid?

  S
• What is the state symbol for a liquid?

  L
• What does the state symbol AQ represent?

  Aqueous solution, dissolved in water
• How does filtration work to separate substances?

  Liquid passes through filter paper, solid is trapped
• What is crystallization used for?

  To separate a soluble solid from a liquid
• What happens when sodium chloride is mixed with water?

  It dissolves to form an aqueous solution
• How can you speed up the crystallization process?

  By gently heating the solution
• What should you be cautious about when heating certain chemicals?

  They may break down if heated
• What happens to sodium chloride after water evaporates?

  It forms solid crystals
• What are the steps involved in the filtration process?

  • Pour mixture into filter paper
  • Liquid passes through, forming filtrate
  • Solid is trapped in filter paper
• What are the steps involved in the crystallization process?

  1. Dissolve soluble solid in liquid
  2. Allow solution to sit for days
  3. Water evaporates, leaving crystals
  4. Optionally, gently heat to speed up
• Compare filtration and crystallization techniques.

  • Filtration: separates insoluble solids from liquids
  • Crystallization: separates soluble solids from liquids