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Physical
Rocks and weathering
Structure of the earth
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Created by
Isabella Wales
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Cards (34)
What is the outermost layer of the Earth called?
Crust
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How thick is the Earth's crust?
Very
thin
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What are the two types of crust?
Continental
and
oceanic
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What is the composition of continental crust?
SiAl
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What type of rock is primarily found in continental crust?
Granite
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How does the density of continental crust compare to oceanic crust?
Continental
crust is
less
dense
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What is the maximum depth of continental crust?
Up to
70 km
deep
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What is the composition of oceanic crust?
SiMa
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What type of rock is primarily found in oceanic crust?
Basalt
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How deep is oceanic crust typically?
6-15
km
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What is the largest section of the Earth?
Mantle
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How deep does the mantle extend?
Down to 2900
km
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What is the state of the upper mantle?
Solid
/
flexible
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What is the state of the lower mantle?
Semi molten
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How deep does the core extend?
Down to
6378
km
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What is the outer core primarily composed of?
Liquid iron
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What is a key characteristic of the outer core?
It is
magnetic
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What is the inner core primarily composed of?
Solid
iron
and
nickel
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How would you describe the density of the inner core?
Dense
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What is the lithosphere composed of?
Crust
and top part of upper
mantle
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What are the characteristics of the lithosphere?
Rigid
plates
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What is the asthenosphere?
Lower part of
upper mantle
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What is the flow characteristic of the asthenosphere?
Plastic-like
flow
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What drives convection currents in the asthenosphere?
Heat from the
Earth's interior
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What is Sima?
Lower layer of
Earth's
crust
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What minerals is Sima rich in?
Magnesium
silicate minerals
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What type of rock is typically found at the surface of Sima?
Basalt
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What is Sial?
Upper layers of
Earth's
crust
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What minerals is Sial rich in?
Silicates
and
aluminum
minerals
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With what is Sial equated?
Continental crust
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What is the Moho?
Boundary between
crust
and
mantle
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At what depth does the Moho lie beneath continents?
35 km
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At what depth does the Moho lie beneath oceanic crust?
7 km
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What are the characteristics of continental crust compared to oceanic crust?
Thickness: 35-70
km
vs 6-10 km
Age: Very old (1500
myo
) vs Very young (200 myo)
Colour: Light vs Dark
Density: 2.16 (light) vs 3.0 (heavy)
Nature: Lots of types (
granitic
) vs Few types (
basaltic
)
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