Structure of the earth

Cards (34)

  • What is the outermost layer of the Earth called?
    Crust
  • How thick is the Earth's crust?
    Very thin
  • What are the two types of crust?
    Continental and oceanic
  • What is the composition of continental crust?
    SiAl
  • What type of rock is primarily found in continental crust?
    Granite
  • How does the density of continental crust compare to oceanic crust?
    Continental crust is less dense
  • What is the maximum depth of continental crust?
    Up to 70 km deep
  • What is the composition of oceanic crust?
    SiMa
  • What type of rock is primarily found in oceanic crust?
    Basalt
  • How deep is oceanic crust typically?
    6-15 km
  • What is the largest section of the Earth?
    Mantle
  • How deep does the mantle extend?
    Down to 2900 km
  • What is the state of the upper mantle?
    Solid/flexible
  • What is the state of the lower mantle?
    Semi molten
  • How deep does the core extend?
    Down to 6378 km
  • What is the outer core primarily composed of?
    Liquid iron
  • What is a key characteristic of the outer core?
    It is magnetic
  • What is the inner core primarily composed of?
    Solid iron and nickel
  • How would you describe the density of the inner core?
    Dense
  • What is the lithosphere composed of?
    Crust and top part of upper mantle
  • What are the characteristics of the lithosphere?
    Rigid plates
  • What is the asthenosphere?
    Lower part of upper mantle
  • What is the flow characteristic of the asthenosphere?
    Plastic-like flow
  • What drives convection currents in the asthenosphere?
    Heat from the Earth's interior
  • What is Sima?
    Lower layer of Earth's crust
  • What minerals is Sima rich in?
    Magnesium silicate minerals
  • What type of rock is typically found at the surface of Sima?
    Basalt
  • What is Sial?
    Upper layers of Earth's crust
  • What minerals is Sial rich in?
    Silicates and aluminum minerals
  • With what is Sial equated?
    Continental crust
  • What is the Moho?
    Boundary between crust and mantle
  • At what depth does the Moho lie beneath continents?
    35 km
  • At what depth does the Moho lie beneath oceanic crust?
    7 km
  • What are the characteristics of continental crust compared to oceanic crust?
    • Thickness: 35-70 km vs 6-10 km
    • Age: Very old (1500 myo) vs Very young (200 myo)
    • Colour: Light vs Dark
    • Density: 2.16 (light) vs 3.0 (heavy)
    • Nature: Lots of types (granitic) vs Few types (basaltic)