Topic 5 Enzymes

• Catalyst is a substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction and is not changed by the reaction.
• Enzymes are made up of proteins.
• Enzymes are specific in nature.
• Enzymes speed up up chemical reaction.
• Enzymes reduces activation energy.
• Enzymes does not get chemically changed.
• Enzymes can be used over and over again.
• Enzymes are involved in all metabolic reaction.
• Enzymes ensure reactions occur quickly enough for the cell to function.
• Enzymes are said to be denatured when its active site changes shape.
• An enzyme which normally works on one substrate would not act on a different one.
• Metabolic reactions are divided into 2, Anabolic and Catabolic reactions.
• Anabolic is the building up large, comples molecules which requires energy.
• Catabolic reaction is the breaking down of large molecules into smaller simpler molecules which releases energy.
• Enzyme at low temperature have slower rate of reaction compared to one at a higher temperature.
• Higher temp = more kinetic = move faster = greater chances of collision.
• Enzyme will be denatured at a temperature that is beyond the optimum temperature.
• Enzymes at extreme (too low or high) pH will be denatured.
• Optimal pH values for trypsin is pH 8.
• Optimal pH for pepsin is pH2.
• Optimal pH for salivary amylase is pH7.
• Optimal pH for arginase is pH10.