Organic Chem

• In alkenes, there is at least one C=C bond present.
• Alkanes are unreactive because they are non polar, as C-H bonds have similar electronegativities
• ketone has the functional group C=O
• Aldehyde has the functional group CHO
• Carboxylic acid has the functional group COOH
• Ester is formed from carboxylic acid and alcohol by condensation reaction.

  First part of the name is from alcohol, second part of name is from carboxylic acid
• Amine has functional group NH2
• Nitrile has functional group C≡N
• Saturated carbons contain single bonds
• Unsaturated hydrocarbons contain double/triple bonds
• Homolytic fission is breaking a covalent bond in such a way that each atom takes an electron from the bond to form two radicals

  
• Heterolytic fission is breaking a covalent bond in such a way that the more electronegative atom takes both the electrons from the bonds to form a negative ion and leaving behind a positive ion

  
• Alkanes are saturated, non-polar, straight chain or branched chains with no multiple bonds between carbon atoms.
• Alkanes can undergo free radical substitution