diagnosing and classifying

• sz is a though process disorder - disrupts perception, emotions and beliefs
• onset can be acute or chronic
• perceptual symptoms - hallucinations
• social symptoms - social withdraw
• cognitive symptoms - delusions - language impairments
• emotional symptoms - lack of interest in personal care - inappropriate emotions - lack of emotion - avolition
• behavioural symptoms - repeating actions - lack of control over muscles
• positive symptoms - experience something extra to normal activities
• positive - hallucinations - delusions - jumbled speech - disorganised behaviour
• negative - lack of behaviours which should be there
• negative - speech poverty - lack of emotion - avolition
• dms 5 - classifies mental disorders - aims to give reliability and validity to diagnosing
• dsm - validity - is clasifcation aims what it says it is trying to measure
• dmms reliability - produces the same diagnosis for the same symptoms
• dsm - needs at least two different symptoms
• problems with reliability - affected by cultural bias - gender bias
• problems with validity - symotoms overlap - rosenhans study
• comorbidity - can lead to issues in diagnosis - diagnosed with only one condition
• inter rater reliability - two professionals reaching the same conclusion
• test retest reliability - giving the same diagnosis with the same symptoms
• buckly - 54% concordance rate in diagnosis of sz
• gender - men are more likely to be diagnosed
• gender bias - women experiences were taken less seriously and underdiagnosed
• culture - people from afro carribean heritage are more likely to be diagnosed
• cultural bias - things like hallucinations may be taken as religious experiences and viewed positivly by some communities
• rosentham and seligman - sane in insane places - pretended to be schizophregenic