CHAPTER 15 : FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

• what is the function of the female reproductive system?

  • responsible for producing and transporting ova (the female sex cells), eliminating ova from the body (if they are not fertilized by sperm) nourishing and providing a place for growth of an embryo (if an ovum is fertilized by sperm), and nourishing a newborn child
  • it also produces the female sex hormones, estrogen and progesterone, which regulate development of breasts and other bodily characteristics of the mature female
• what does the combining form 'genit/o' mean?

  reproductive
• what does the combining form 'gon/o' mean?

  genitals
• what does the combining form 'gyn/o' mean?

  woman; female
• what does the combining form 'gynec/o' mean?

  woman; female
• what does the combining form 'men/o' mean?

  menstruation
• what does the combining form 'menstru/o' mean?

  menstruation
• what does the combining form 'cervic/o' mean?

  cervix
• what does the combining form 'colp/o' mean?

  vagina
• what does the combining form 'endometri/o' mean?

  endometrium
• what does the combining form 'episi/o' mean?

  vulva
• what does the combining form 'metr/o' mean?

  uterus
• what does the combining form 'o/o' mean?

  ovum; egg
• what does the combining form 'oophor/o' mean?

  ovaries
• what does the combining form 'ov/o' mean?

  ovum; egg
• what does the combining form 'ovari/o' mean?

  ovaries
• what does the combining form 'ovul/o' mean?

  ovum; egg
• what does the combining form 'perine/o' mean?

  perinium
• what does the combining form 'salphing/o' mean?

  fallopian tube
• what does the combining form 'uter/o' mean?

  uterus
• what does the combining form 'vulv/o' mean?

  vulva
• what does the combining form 'vagin/o' mean?

  vagina
• what is oviduct?


  passageway for eggs from the ovaries to the uterus and provides the site for fertilization by the sperm
• what is uterus?


  where a fertilized egg implants and grows into a fetus during pregnancy
• what is cervix?


  allows menstrual blood to flow from the uterus and serves as a pathway for sperm to enter the uterus
• what is vagina?


  receives the penis during sexual reproduction, allows the menstrual blood to exit the body and lets the baby passes through during childbirth
• what is ovary?


  produces eggs (ova) and female sex hormones like estrogen and progestrone
• female external genitalia consists of...

  labia majora, labia minora, clitoris, bartholin's glands, and perineum
• what is mammary glands?


  commonly called breasts, are milk producing glands that serve as accessory organs of reproduction
• what is menarche?


  first menstrual period, usually occurs at age 12 or 13
• what is menses?


  also called menstruation this cycle refers to the secretion of hormones and other physiologic changes that happen cyclically in women, usually every 28 days or so.
• what is climacteric?


  climacteric is the transition period, usually starting in the 40s and lasting until the early 50s, marked by the decline of reproductive hormones.
• what is menopause?


  the cessation of menses reminder of a woman's lifetime
• what does the pathologic condition 'ammenorrhea' mean?

  absence of menstruation
• what does the pathologic condition 'anteversion' mean?


  tilting forward of an organ (the uterus from its usual position)
• what does the pathologic condition 'cervicitis' mean?


  inflammation of the cervix, usually due to infection
• what does the pathologic condition 'candidiasis' mean?


  infection, usually of the vagina, by a species of Candida (a fungus), resulting in itching and white discharge; also called moniliasis or yeast infection
• what does the pathologic condition 'chlamydia' mean?


  infection, usually of the vagina and cervix, by Chlamydia Trachomatis; one of several common STD
• what does the pathologic condition 'dysmenorrhea' mean?


  pain associated with menstruation
• what does the pathologic condition 'endometriosis' mean?


  growth of endometrial tissue outside the uterus