science

• A proton is found in the nucleus of an atom.
• A neutron is found in the nucleus of an atom.
• The relative charge of a proton is +1.
• The relative charge of a neutron is 0.
• The relative charge of an electron is -1.
• The relative mass of a proton is 1.
• The relative mass of an electron is 1/1840.
• An isotope is an atom of the same element, with the same number of protons and electrons, but a different number of neutrons.
• The atomic number is the number of protons in an atom.
• The nucleon number is the mass of the atom, found by adding the number of protons to the number of neutrons.
• The nucleon number of oxygen is 16.
• Hurricane: A tropical storm caused by the movement of wind.
• Tornado: A violent storm caused by the movement of wind.
• Earthquake: A sudden movement in the earth's upper crust and mantle, caused by the movement of tectonic plates.
• Volcanic eruption: The expulsion of lava caused by the movement of tectonic plates.
• Tsunami: Waves caused by earthquakes or volcanic eruptions under the sea, caused by the movement of waves.
• Force: Push or pull exerted when one thing interacts with another.
• Frictional force, also known as friction, is when two moving surfaces are in contact.
• Frictional force causes moving objects to slow down or come to a stop, produces heat, and causes wear and tear.
• To reduce friction, lubrication, streamlining, smooth surfaces, ball bearings can be used.
• Magnetic force is when a magnetic material is attracted or repelled by a magnet or another magnetic material.
• Gravitational force, also known as gravity, causes all objects to be attracted to the earth, is directed towards the centre of the earth, and causes all bodies to fall towards the centre of the earth.
• Weight is due to the gravitational force acting on an object, with a greater force of gravity pulling an object, the greater the weight of the object.
• Pressure is the amount of force acting per unit area, which increases when force increases or area of contact decreases.
• Transfer of energy occurs when two or more objects interact, a force is exerted, which results in the transfer of energy between objects.
• Changes in state of rest/motion, size/shape, pressure and changes due to the turning effect of a force are effects of transfer of energy in objects
• Work done is done through the application of a force, the use of force to move an object in the direction of force, and is the energy transferred from one thing to another.
• Work (J) = force applied (N) × distance moved in direction (m).
• 1000J = 1kJ.