TECTONIC EVENTS

• What is the name of the Earth's outermost layer?

  Crust
• The Earth's crust is divided into plates
• Tectonic plates float on the mantle.
• What type of plate boundary is formed when two plates move apart?

  Divergent
• A mid-ocean ridge is an example of a divergent plate boundary.
• A rift valley is formed at a divergent plate boundary.
• What type of plate boundary is formed when two plates collide?

  Convergent
• The Himalayas were formed by a convergent plate boundary.
• A subduction zone occurs at a convergent plate boundary.
• What type of plate boundary is formed when two plates slide past each other?

  Transform
• The San Andreas Fault is an example of a transform plate boundary.
• Transform boundaries are associated with volcanic activity.

  False
• What is the term for a large, sudden release of energy in the Earth's crust?

  Earthquake
• The point directly above the focus of an earthquake is called the epicenter.
• The magnitude of an earthquake is measured using the Richter scale.
• What is the term for a series of waves caused by underwater earthquakes or volcanic eruptions?

  Tsunami
• Tsunamis are most common in the Pacific Ocean.
• Tsunamis always cause the same level of damage regardless of location.

  False
• What is the term for a vent in the Earth's crust through which molten rock erupts?

  Volcano
• Volcanoes are commonly found near subduction zones.
• All volcanoes are active and erupt regularly.

  False
• What is the term for the molten rock beneath the Earth's surface?

  Magma
• When magma reaches the surface, it is called lava.
• Volcanic eruptions can release toxic gases into the atmosphere.
• In 2015, 80% of Nepal's population lived in rural communities.
• What was the magnitude of the Nepal earthquake in 2015?

  7.8
• The focus of the Nepal earthquake was only 15 km beneath the surface.
• What type of plate boundary is Nepal located on?

  Collision boundary
• Approximately 9000 people died in the Nepal earthquake of 2015.
• The Nepal earthquake damaged over 7000 schools and 1000 health facilities.
• How many people were made homeless by the Nepal earthquake?

  3.5 million
• Match the effects of the Nepal earthquake with their descriptions:

  Landslides ↔️ Blocked roads and rivers

  Avalanches ↔️ Occurred on Mount Everest

  UNESCO sites ↔️ Destroyed by the earthquake

  Tourism ↔️ Loss of income due to destruction
• The damages from the Nepal earthquake were estimated at between $7 and $10 billion.
• China donated $3.3 million to Nepal for earthquake relief.
• Temporary shelters were set up in Kathmandu for those made homeless.
• What tool was used to coordinate the response to the Nepal earthquake?

  GIS crisis mapping
• The Asian Development Bank provided a $3 million grant for emergency relief in Nepal.
• After the Nepal earthquake, stricter building codes were introduced with more enforcement.
• What was the new government task force set up to plan for after the Nepal earthquake?

  Future earthquake events
• Steps in the long-term response to the Nepal earthquake:

  1️⃣ Landslides were cleared and roads repaired

  2️⃣ Schools were rebuilt

  3️⃣ Earthquake drills were introduced

  4️⃣ Stricter building codes were enforced

  5️⃣ Asian Development Bank provided $200 million for rebuilding