diabetes

• what is type 1 diabetes?

  a condition where the pancreas produces little or no insulin. The result is that a person's blood glucose can rise to a level that can kill them.
• if you have type 1 diabetes, when would you inject your insulin?

  mealtimes, to make sure that the glucose is removed from the blood quickly once the food has been digested. This stops the level of glucose in the blood from getting too high.
• what determines the amount of insulin that needs to be injected into a person with type 1 diabetes?

  the person's diet and how active they are.
• how is a person with type 1 diabetes treated?

  insulin therapy, usually involving injecting insulin into subcutaneous tissue, from where it will enter the bloodstream.
• when is a person with type 1 diabetes injected with insulin and why?

  mealtimes, to make sure that the glucose is removed from the blood quickly once the food has been digested. This stops the level of glucose in the blood from getting too high.
• what determines the amount of insulin injected into a person with type 1 diabetes?

  the person's diet and how active they are
• as well as insulin therapy, what else do people with type 1 diabetes need to factor into their lives?

  • limiting the intake of foods rich in simple carbohydrates like sugars (which cause the blood glucose level to rise rapidly)
  • taking regular exercise, this helps to remove excess glucose from the blood.
• what is type 2 diabetes?

  a condition where the pancreas doesn't produce enough insulin or when a person becomes resistant to insulin (their body's cells don't respond properly to the hormone) so blood glucose level rises.
• what BMI classifies someone as obese?

  over 30
• what is the equation for BMI?

  BMI = mass / height^2
• where does the body store excess fat?

  around the abdomen
• what equation is used to indicate of how a person's fat is stored?

  waist-to-hip ratio = waist circumfrence / hip circumfrence
• what hip-to-waist ratios are associated with an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes?

  men: 1.0

  women: 0.85
• how can type 2 diabetes be controlled?

  healthy diet, regular exercise, and losing weight
• what are methods of treating type 2 diabetes?

  medication and insulin injections
• how is type 1 diabetes developed?

  during childhood. We don't know what causes it but we think that the body's immune system attacks the pancreas cells.
• what are the treatments of type 1 diabetes?

  to inject insulin when blood glucose levels rise too high or manage diet and exercise regularly to keep blood glucose levels steady.
• how is type 2 diabetes developed?

  later on in life. old and age and obesity are the primary risk factors.
• why won't injecting insulin help those with type 2 diabetes?

  they're body no longer responds to insulin.