Animal transport

• Open circulatory system:

  Blood is pumped into a haemocoel (body cavity)

  There it bathes organs and returns slowly to the heart with little control over direction of flow.

  Blood is not contained in blood vessels.
• closed circulatory system:

  Blood is pumped into a series of vessels

  Blood flow is rapid and direction is controlled

  Organs are not bathed by blood but by tissue fluid that leaks from capillaries.
• Single circulatory system:

  Blood passed through the heart once in each circulation.
• Double circulation:

  Blood passes through the heart twice in each circulation

  1. in pulmonary (lung) circulation
  2. through the systemic (body) circulation.
• Insects have:

  An open circulatory system.

  Dorsal tube - shaped heart.

  No respiratory pigment in blood as lack of respiratory gases in blood due to tracheal gas exchange system.
• Earthworms have:

  Closed circulatory system.

  5 pseudohearts.

  Respiratory pigment

  haemoglobin carries respiratory gases in blood.
• Fish have:

  Closed, single circulatory system.

  Blood pumped to

  and oxygenated in the gills continues around body tissues. This means a lower pressure and slower flow around the body.
• Mammals have:

  Closed, double circulatory system.

  High blood pressure to body delivers oxygen quickly.

  Lower pressure to lungs prevents hydrostatic pressure

  forcing tissue fluid into and reducing efficiency of alveoli.
• 1. vena cava

  2) pulmonary artery

  3) pulmonary vein

  4) aorta

  5) right atrium

  6) right ventricle

  7) left atrium

  8) left ventricle

  9) Atrioventricular ( tricuspid ) valve

  10) Atrioventricular ( bicuspid ) valve

  11)pulmonary ( semilunar ) valve

  12)aortic ( semilunar ) valve

  
• The heart is Myogenic

  This means the heart can generate its own heartbeat.