Hormonal methods of contraception

• Hormones are secreted by glands in the endocrine system
• During puberty, hormones create changes in physical and emotional characteristics
• Fertility is controlled by hormones, so hormonal forms of contraception can be used to control fertility
• Oral contraceptives, known as the pill, contain oestrogen or progesterone to inhibit the production of FSH and prevent eggs from maturing
• Benefits of oral contraceptives:

  • More than 99% effective if taken correctly
  • Can reduce the risk of certain cancers
• Possible side effects of oral contraceptives:

  • Changes in weight, mood, and blood pressure due to high levels of oestrogen
  • Modern pills contain much less oestrogen
• Contraceptive injections, implants, or skin patches contain slow-release progesterone to inhibit the maturation and release of eggs