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• Taxonomy includes the study of realized phylogeny, which is the evolutionary history of an organism, and is divided into three distinct disciplines: Classification, Nomenclature, and Identification.
• Classification is the organization of microorganisms that share similar morphologic, physiologic, and genetic traits into specific groups or taxa.
• Nomenclature is the naming of organisms according to established rules and guidelines for universal recognition, with a binomial system (genus and species).
• Identification is the process by which a microorganism’s key features are delineated, which can be compared with other characterized microorganisms.
• The Classification of Organisms includes multilevel grouping of individuals, first classified by Aristotle over 2,000 years ago, and is the classification scheme of the Middle Ages (polynomial system) was replaced with a binomial system by Linnaeus about 250 years ago.
• The definitive host of Dirofilaria immitis is the Dog.
• Cruz is an Associate Professor at Centro Escolar University.
• Coenurus, also known as bladder worms, is usually found in the CNS of infected individuals with Taenia serialis.
• Dirofilaria immitis, also known as Dog heart worm, is a partial nocturnal, unsheathed and arthropod borne infection.
• Taenia serialis is also known as "Staggers" in sheep.
• Taenia serialis, also known as Multiceps multiceps or Taenia multiceps, is a parasitic worm that infects dogs, wolves, and foxes.
• Humans act as accidental intermediate hosts of Taenia serialis.
• Coin lesions on x-ray are produced when the dead worm of Dirofilaria immitis becomes an embolus in the human heart.
• Classification by Phenotypic and Genotypic Characteristics includes subdivision of subspecies based on phenotypic differences (abbreviated “subsp.”), serovarieties based on serologic differences (abbreviated “serovar.”), and biovarieties, based on biochemical test result differences (abbreviated “biovar”).
• Nomenclature in microbiology involves the family name being capitalized and ending in -aceae, the genus being capitalized and followed by the species epithet, which begins with a small letter; both genus and species should be italicized in print but underlined when written in script.
• Schemes of Classification include Basis of cell organization, cells are classified into Five Kingdom, Three Kingdom, Two Kingdom (Domain).
• In addition to a number of morphologic adaptations, parasites are capable of protecting themselves from the host’s immune system.
• Parasites have an amazing capability to adapt to their host surroundings.
• The definitive host is also known as the primary host and is the host in which the adult sexual phase of parasite development occurs.
• Cruz is an Associate Professor at Centro Escolar University.
• The primary function of the host is to carry on the parasite’s life cycle.
• Ascaris lumbricoides, also known as giant intestinal roundworm, eel worm, or roundworm of man, is the most common parasite worldwide and its definitive host is man.
• Types of hosts include definitive host, intermediate host, accidental or incidental host, reservoir host, transport host, and carrier.
• Gnathostoma spinigerum, also known as the tiger hookworm, has prominent cephalic bulb and body spines and is primarily transmitted by eating undercooked freshwater fish, eels, frogs, birds, and reptiles.
• Most definitive hosts are vertebrates.
• Angiostrongylus cantonensis, also known as rat lung worm, is a definitive host: Rat and can infect humans as a terminal host.
• Gnathostoma spinigerum is the definitive host: Dog and Cat and is associated with migratory swellings in the skin or indurated nodules.
• The definitive host is the one in which a parasite reaches sexual maturity and undergoes reproduction.
• Most biologists use a six-kingdom system: Animalia, Plantae, Fungi, Protista, Archaebacteria, Bacteria, and Domains, which is a taxonomic level above kingdoms.
• Human beings and Staphylococcus aureus belong to different kingdoms and phyla.
• Genotypic criteria include DNA base composition and nucleic acid (DNA and RNA) base sequence.
• Cellulose, a type of polysaccharides, is a rigid polymer of glucose.
• Human beings and Escherichia coli belong to different kingdoms and phyla.
• Human beings and Escherichia coli belong to different associations and professions.
• Prokaryotic cells have complex cell walls consisting of proteins, lipids, and polysaccharides, while Eukaryotic cells contain membranous structures and many membrane-bound organelles.
• Human beings and Escherichia coli belong to different supplemental readings.
• Eukaryotic cells are divided into plant and animal types, while animal cells do not have a cell wall and plant cells have a simple cell wall usually containing cellulose.
• Human beings and Escherichia coli belong to different classes and orders.
• There are two general criteria for microbial classification and identification: phenotypic and genotypic.
• Phenotypic criteria include macroscopic morphology, cultural/colonial characteristics, microscopic morphology, staining characteristics, environmental & nutritional requirements, resistance profile/ antimicrobial testing, antigenic profile/ serological testing, and subcellular or biochemical properties.