Parts of Prokaryotic Cells

• Capsule - additional protection from macrophages. Contains water that protects bacteria
• Plasmid - small, circular, double-stranded DNA molecule.
• Mesosomes - increases the surface area of the plasma membrane.
• Nucleoid - irregularly shaped that contains all genetic material (genophore)
• Pili - attachment to other cells
• Flagellum, - cell locomotion
• Special Cell Modifications 1. Microvilli - increases the surface area 2. Flagella - allows cells to move 3. Cilia - used for protection 4. Pili - used for attachment