10.2

• The five kingdoms are: Prokaryotae, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia
• Prokaryotae are unicellular bacteria with no nucleus or membrane-bound oganelles
• Prokaryotae absorb nutrients through their cell wall
• Protista are unicellular eukaryotes with a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles
• Protista can have chloroplasts, and locomotion mechanisms e.g. flagella, cilia, amoeboid mechanisms
• Fungi can be unicellular or multicellular and have a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles
• Fungi do not contain chloroplasts or locomotion mechanims
• most Fungi have a body/mycelium made up of threads or hyphae
• Fungi are Saprophytic feeders (absorb nutrients from decayig material) and store most food as Glycogen
• Plantae are multicellular and contain nuclei and other membrane-bound organelles, including chloroplasts
• Most Plantae do not move
• Plantae are Autotrophic feeders (aquire nutrients through Photosynthesis)
• Animalia are multicellular and contain nuclei and other membrane-bound organelles
• Animalia do not contain chloroplasts but do move with cilia, flagella, and contractile proteins
• Animalia are Heterotrophic feeders (nutrients aquired by ingestion) and store most food as Glycogen
• The three Domains are: Eukarya, Archaea, Bacteria
• Eukarya contain 80S ribosomes and the RNA Polymerase contains 12 proteins
• Archaea contain 70S ribosomes are the RNA Polymerase contains 8-10 proteins
• Bacteria contains 70S ribosomes and the RNA Polymerase contains 5 proteins
• Archaebacteria is ancient bacteria that can survive in extreme environments e.g thermal vents, anaerobic conditions
• Eubacteria is true bacteria found in all environments
• The Three-Domain System was introduced by Carl Woese