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Inheritance, variation and evolution
Variation
Cloning in animals
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✨Marusha ✨
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Variation
in species can be generated by
genetics
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Mutations
arise
spontaneously
and can sometimes lead to
genetic disorders
or
death
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Genes
can be inserted into a
genome
through
genetic engineering
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The most basic technique of animal cloning involves
adult cell cloning
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Dolly the sheep
was the first mammal to be cloned in the UK in
1996
and died in
2003
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Dolly
was produced using the
nucleus
from an
udder
cell, although other
cells
such as
skin cells
may also be used
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The method for adult cell cloning:
The
nucleus
is removed from an
unfertilised
egg cell
The
nucleus
from an
adult
body cell, such as a
skin
cell, is inserted into the egg
cell
An
electric shock
stimulates the egg
cell
to
divide
to form an
embryo
These embryo cells contain the same
genetic information
as the adult skin
cell
When the embryo has developed into a ball of
cells
, it is inserted into the
womb
of an adult female to continue its development
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