RSRCH MJR

• Research Framework came from the words “research” and “framework”.
• A Framework is anything that supports the creation, existence, or building of another.
• Qualitative Data Analysis - Data Cleaning is the subject of Lesson #5 and #6 of the Paham Reviewer.
• When used in the field of research, Framework is a theory or set of theories used to explain why a phenomenon exists or how it works.
• A framework used in order to understand the phenomenon, and thus, the researchers’ perspective as regards said phenomenon, is called the Research Framework.
• Catcalling is not an entirely new phenomenon.
• Many researchers and thinkers have different explanations why catcalling exists.
• There are two types of research frameworks: Theoretical Framework and Conceptual Framework.
• Theoretical Framework is when only one theory is used in order to understand a phenomenon.
• Conceptual Framework is when more than one theory are synthesized in order to understand a phenomenon.
• Feminist Theory can be used to explain that catcalling happens because men have more power than women in our society.
• Structural-Functionalism is a Grand Framework that views societies as composed of different structures or constructs, each with its own functions.
• The four main functions under Structural-Functionalism are Socialization, Economy, Polity, and Morality.
• Conflict Theory consists of theories emphasizing on the inherent power imbalance between groups of people: the oppressor and the oppressed.
• Error Detection in the Data Cleaning Process refers to the phase where actual and perceived errors are identified and detected.
• The transcription process includes preparing, listening to the recording twice, encoding the words as you hear them, listening to the recording again and adding punctuation, capitalization, emotion, non-verbal cues, grammar, and accent error, reviewing the transcription, and finishing the transcribed version of the audio file.
• Qualitative Data Processing is the process where the data gathered is processed and rendered ready for analysis.
• Snowball Sampling is a research method where the researcher chooses a participant, and then asks said participant to refer another participant which he/she thinks fit the study.
• Qualitative Data Analysis is where the processed data is analyzed.
• Data Cleaning is the process of increasing the quality and accuracy of such data.
• Transcription is a process of turning an audio data into written text.
• Naturalized Transcription includes what is said (including all grammatical, non-verbals, etc.) and how it is said (accent errors, non-verbals, behavioral responses, etc.).
• Quota Sampling is similar to convenience sampling, but instead allots quotas based on the purpose of the research.
• Error Repairing in the Data Cleaning Process involves repairing errors using techniques such as removal, replacement, and rewording.
• Denaturalized Transcription refers to the content of the speech itself.
• Symbolic Interactionism consists of theories that explain phenomena from the point of view of interpretation.
• Researchers ask questions to their respondents, which are usually experts.
• Non-Probability Sampling is often considered as a weak method of sampling because it lacks generalizability, and the method of choosing samples may be affected by bias and prejudice by the researchers.
• Non-probability sampling does not use randomized methods, meaning the researcher chooses his/her own sample based on what he/she needs or what he/she can access.
• Typification utilizes typologies.
• The researcher must explain how the theory will be used to answer the research question.
• Typification gathers data by collecting prior assumptions pertaining to personalities (for persons), meanings and chain of events (for phenomena), and other observable behaviors and characteristics (for both persons and phenomenon).
• Conversation and Interaction Analysis gathers data through detailed observation, exploration, and analysis of authentic real-life conversations and interactions between two people.
• Non-Probability Sampling is best used in Qualitative Research because qualitative research does not focus on generalizability but on individual experiences.
• Sampling is the method of selecting the sample - the representative subset of the population.
• Typology deals with the creation of classes or types with common characteristics.
• The Delphi Method is usually used when the main goal of the research is to study trends and predictions.
• Some Symbolic Interactionists may believe that catcalling is merely a misinterpretation of meaning between sexes, where each sex interprets some comments differently.
• There are four types of Non-Probability Sampling: Convenience Sampling, Purposive Sampling, Judgement Sampling, and Snowball Sampling.
• The Delphi Method utilizes questionnaires (both written and oral) and adds a time factor.