8.6 Applications of Fluid Mechanics

• What is the study of fluid mechanics focused on?

  Behavior of fluids
• Fluid mechanics helps us understand how airplanes fly.
• Liquids have a constant volume
• Gases are highly compressible.
• Match the property with the fluid type:

  Compressibility | Low ↔️ Liquid

  Shape | Fills container ↔️ Gas
• Pressure is the force applied per unit area
• What are the units for buoyancy?

  Newton
• Buoyancy arises from pressure differences in a fluid.
• What does Bernoulli's principle state about fluid speed and pressure?

  As speed increases, pressure decreases
• Bernoulli's principle is based on the conservation of energy
• What is the curved shape of an airfoil called that generates lift?

  Bernoulli's profile
• The Venturi effect demonstrates Bernoulli's principle by showing that fluid speed increases in a constricted area.
• Lift generation on airfoils results from lower pressure
• Why is understanding Bernoulli's principle important for fluid flow devices?

  Explains how they operate
• Order the properties of liquids and gases based on their volume

  1️⃣ Liquids: Constant volume

  2️⃣ Gases: Variable volume
• Order the properties of liquids and gases based on their compressibility

  1️⃣ Liquids: Low compressibility

  2️⃣ Gases: High compressibility
• What is the study of fluid mechanics concerned with?

  Flow, pressure, and density
• Gases are highly compressible, while liquids are not.
• Fluid mechanics is significant because it helps us understand how airplanes fly and how blood flows through our veins
• What is the formula for pressure in fluid mechanics?

  $P =$$F / A$
• Buoyancy acts upwards, while pressure acts uniformly in all directions.
• The buoyant force is calculated as the volume of displaced fluid multiplied by the fluid's density and the acceleration due to gravity
• What does Bernoulli's principle state?

  Increased speed lowers pressure
• The curved top of an airfoil creates lower pressure, generating lift.
• Hydraulics relies on Pascal's principle, which states that pressure applied to a confined fluid is transmitted equally in all directions
• Match the hydraulic applications with their mechanisms:

  Hydraulic Brakes ↔️ Transmit force from pedal to pads

  Hydraulic Jacks ↔️ Use pressurized fluid to lift
• What is the study of aerodynamics focused on?

  Airflow around objects
• Drag opposes motion through air, while lift provides an upward force.
• Aircraft design uses airfoil shapes to optimize lift and minimize drag