Aims hypotheses, IVs and DV's

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Cecily

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The independent variable (IV) in an experiment is the variable that the researcher manipulates and which is assumed to have a direct effect on the dependent variable (DV).
The dependent variable (DV) in an experiment is the variable that the research measures.
The dependent variable (DV) in an experiment is the variable that is affected by changes in the independent variable (IV).
A hypothesis is a clear and precise prediction about the difference or relationship between the variables in the study.
A directional hypothesis predicts the specific nature (direction) of the difference between two or more variables.
A directional hypothesis is based on past research, accepted theory or literature on the topic.
A directional hypothesis is sometimes called one-tailed.
Examples of key words used in a directional hypothesis are: higher, lower, more, less, increase, decrease, positive and negative.
A non-directional hypothesis predicts that a difference will exist between two or more variables without predicting the exact direction of the difference.
A directional hypothesis is used This is because previous research has been inconclusive, and the specific nature (direction) of the effect of the IV on the DV cannot be predicted confidently.
A non-directional hypothesis is sometimes called two-tailed.
a non-directional hypothesis just state there will be a difference.
a null hypothesis states there will be no difference or correlation between the vairbales, once all the data is collected and analysed they accept one hypothesis and reject the other
To wite a hypothesis for a correlation state if the will be a negative or postive correlation between the variables
Aim = to examine the effects of …….
· A pilot study is a small-scale trial run of a study that is carried out before the main study
· They are used to determine whether the research design works or not with a view to making improvements
The aim is the intended purpose of a psychological investigation