Limitations

• 1. The proportion of black officials was short of the proportion of black voters. White Republicans were outnumbered by black Republicans but still dominated the Southern states. No black state governor was elected and no state senate had a black majority. 1 senator , of the 2 from Mississipi was shot by whites.
• 2. Black representation was significant but black people proved unable to dominate political life in South : they lacked education and experience ; they were accustomed to white leadership and domination ; they were a minority in most states; divisions within the black community between ex-slaves and free born blacks who saw themselves superior.