The multi-store model of memory

• Label this diagram of the multi store model of memory

  A) stimulus from the environment

  B) sensory register

  C) iconic

  D) echoic

  E) other sensory stores

  F) short term memory store

  G) prolonged retrieval

  H) maintenance rehearsal loop

  I) response (remembering)

  J) long term memory store

  
• Who developed the multi store model of memory?

  Atkinson & Shiffrin
• What is the sensory register in the MSM?

  • contains sensory registers, one store for each sense
  • e.g. store coding for visual information is iconic memory, store coding for sound is echoic memory
  • duration of material in the sensory register is less than half a second
  • information passes further into the memory system only if you pay attention to it
• What is the coding, capacity and duration of STM?

  • coded acoustically (Baddeley)
  • limited capacity: 7 +/- 2 (Miller)
  • duration: 18 seconds (Peterson & Peterson)
• If maintenance rehearsal occurs for long enough, information passes into long term memory
• What is the coding, capacity and duration of LTM?

  • coded semantically (Baddeley)
  • capacity is thought to be unlimited
  • duration may last a lifetime (Bahrick)
• According to the MSM, if we want to recall information from LTM, it has to be transferred back to STM by retrieval
• Evaluate the multi-store model of memory.

  +supported by research from Baddeley: shows that information is coded differently in STM and LTM, which clearly shows they are different stores

  -however some studies did not use useful information (e.g. consonant syllables), so it may not be a valid model of how we remember meaningful information in our everyday lives

  -patient KF: his recall for visual information was much better than for auditory information, which suggests that the MSM is wrong in claiming that there is just one STM store processing different sensory information