Schizophrenia

• SCHIZOPHRENIA

  • A person often develop belief or behavior that do not aligned with the reality.
  • Diagnosed late adolescence and early adulthood 15-25 yr old men) 25-35 yr. old ( woman)
• Criteria for schizophrenia

  1. Delusion
  2. Hallucination
  3. Disorganized speech
  4. Grossly disorganized/catatonic behavior
  5. Negative sx.
• Positive symptoms of schizophrenia can be observed in a patient with schizophrenia.
• Ambivalence is the holding of seemingly contradictory beliefs about the same person or situation.
• Associative Looseness is the poorly related thought and ideas.
• Bizarre behavior is characterized by outlandish appearance or clothing.
• Delusion is a fixed false belief with no basis to reality.
• Echopraxia is the imitation of the movement of another person whom the client is observing.
• Flight of Ideas is a continuous flow of unrelated ideas.
• Hallucination is a false sensory perception that does not exist in real life.
• Ideas references are false impressions that external events have special meaning for the person.
• Perseveration is the persistent adhesion to a single idea or topic.
• Verbal repetition of the sentence, word or phrases.
• Negative Sx of Schizophrenia

  1. Alogia (lack of speech)
  2. Adhedonia (feeling of no joy or pleasure)
  3. Apathy(feeling indifferent towards people, event or activities.
  4. Associality( social withdrawal)
  5. Avolition( absence or lack of will or goal)
  6. Blunted affect (restrictive range of emotional feeling,tone or mood)
  7. Catatonic (period of agitations or excitement, the cleint seems motionless)
  8. Flat Affect (absence of facial expressions)
  9. Inattention ( inability to concentrate to the topic or activity regardless its importance)
• Schizophreniform Disorder

  • The client experience the symptoms schizophrenia at least 1 month and recover from it before 6month.
• Schizoaffective Disorder

  • Presence of generally continuous psychotic illness plus intermittent mood episode.
  • It includes Major Depression and Manic episodes.
• Delusional Disorder

  • Presence of either bizarre or non bizarre delusion that has persisted for at least one month.
• Non bizarre - types of delusion is a situation that could occur in real life such as infection being followed and being loved, deceived by one's spouse.
• Bizarre Delusions- type of delusion which are not possible in reality like having supernatural powers, being controlled by aliens
• Brief Psychotic Disorder

  • Also know as Brief reactive psychosis
  • Though of as time limited schizophrenia that resolved within one month.
  • Typically diagnosed in late 20's and early 30s.
  • Can occur as response to extreme life stress or with postpartum onset.
• Shared Psychosis(Folie a deux Falret Syndrome)

  • Psychosis of association, contagious insanity and infectious insanity.
  • Usually occur in long term relationship in which one person is dominant and one is passive.
• Intervention - DELUSION

  1. Do not confront or argue
  2. Established and maintain reality (orient patient.
  3. Use distracting technique - recreational activities.
  4. Teach positive thinking .
• Intervention - HALLUCINATION

  1. Present and maintain reality.
  2. Elicit description of hallucination.
  3. Calm and reassure the patient.
  4. Engaged in reality based activities.