Key Sociologists: Paper 1

• Durkheim

  ~Education teaches shared norms and values and builds social solidarity

  ~Teaches children specialised skills for work
• Bowles and Gintis

  ~There is a similarity between work and school.

  ~Education creates an obidient workforce to serve capitalism(hidden curriculumn)
• Parsons (Education)

  ~Role allocation: sorting people into roles that they will go on to perform in life

  ~Meritocracy: the idea that people are rewarded on their efforts and abilities.
• Willis


  ~Studied the Lads - anti school subculture: students who dont agree with the norms and values of a school so rebel by following their own.

  ~Found that they were not obedient but their subculture was similar to WC workplaces.
• Ball

  ~Lower class students are likely to be in lower bands: groups of people based on educational ability

  ~Teachers had different expectations of different bands.

  ~Found that in mixed ability classes, labelling still happened
• Ball, Gowe and Gewirtz

  ~Parental choice and competiton has increased inequalities in education

  ~Middle class students have more choice

  ~School focuses on image and results(high place in league table to attract students to the school - increases funding by government)
• Parsons(Family)

  Two functions of the family:

  ~Primary socialisation: children are taught norms and values of society by the family

  ~Stabilisation of adult personalities: family relieves stress of life like a warm bath.
• Zaretsky

  The family serves capitalism by:

  ~Women's unpaid labour - Childcare, Housework

  ~Passing on of advantage in families: inheritance

  ~Unit of consumption of goods and services: buying products
• Delphy and Leonard

  Family is patriarchal because:

  ~Women are exploited economically - labour is used by their husbands

  ~Family is hierarchal - men at the top

  ~Patriarchal family reflects patriarchal society.
• Oakley

  ~Women are expected to do unpaid work

  ~Conjugal roles
• Willmott and Young

  ~Found that the family was becoming symmetrical through shared decisio making

  ~Stratified diffusion: changes in family life start with social classes and trickle down.