TECHNOLOGY AND FOOD & HEALTH

• History of GMO - in 2001 Rosalie Ellasus a former OFW in Singapore attended a seminar - Farming business - The seminar introduced BT corn (GMO) - She brought BT corn to the philippines - 4.2 tons increased to 7.2 tons per harvest - This was the starting point of GMO
• Genetic Engineering - 1951 - Jack Williamson - Process that uses laboratory-based technologies to alter the DNA makeup of an organism.
• This can be defined as organisms in which the genetic material (DNA) has been altered in a way that does not occur naturally by mating and /or natural recombination. Genetically Modified Organisms (GMO)
• Roles of GMOs in Food and Agricultural Industries 1. Pest Resistance 2. Virus Resistance 3. Herbicide Tolerance 4. Fortification 5. Cosmetic Preservation 6. Increase Growth Rate
• Roles of GMOs in Non-Food Crops and Microorganisms 1. Flower Production 2. Paper Production 3. Pharmaceutical Production 4. Bioremediation
• Potential Benefits of GMO 1. Higher efficiency in farming 2. Increase in harvest 3. Control in fertility 4. Increase in food processing 5. Improvement of desirable characteristics 6. Nutritional and pharmaceutical enhancement 7. Reduce fertilizer and pesticides
• Potential Risks in Humans 1. Allergic reaction 2. Unbalanced microorganisms 3. Gene mutation 4. Antibiotic resistance 5. Nutritional value 6. Human Genome Project 7. Cloning
• Potential Risks in Environment 1. Risk in Gene flow 2. Emergence of new forms of resistance 3. Recombination to produce new pathogens
• Biosafety - Food code = Codex Alimentarius Commission - Cartagena protocol on biosafety - Labeling
• GMOs in the Philippines - National Committee on Biosafety of the Philippines (NCBP) - DOST DA DENR DOH DILG - Organic Agriculture Act 2010
• a collection of standards, guidelines and codes of

  practice adopted by the Codex

  Alimentarius Commission.

  Food Code
• an international agreement which aims to ensure the safe handling,

  transport and use of living modified organisms (LMOs)

  resulting from modern biotechnology that may have

  adverse effects on biological diversity, taking also into

  account risks to human health.

  The Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety to the

  Convention on Biological Diversity
• The agreement requires exporters of GM food and

  food products to label their products and give rights to

  importing parties to reject or accept the GM products.

  International Trade Agreement on Labeling of GM Food and Food Products
• It was created by Executive Order No. 430 on 15 October 1990 to provide oversight to all genetic engineering experiments with the issuance of

  Executive Order No. 514 in 17 March 2006.


  National Committee on Biosafety of the Philippines
• It declares that it is the policy of the state to

  promote, propagate, develop further and implement

  the practice of organic agriculture in the Philippines.

  Republic Act No. 10068 or the Organic Agriculture Act

  of 2010
• bacillus thuringiensis - bacteria in BT Corn resistant to corn borer