PMTP 2 (Quiz 2)

• The graduated markings along the barrel of a syringe indicates the amount of fluid a syringe can hold


  cc
• Size of the hole in the needle

  Gauge
• The _ the gauge the _ the needle

  Higher, smaller
• Frequently used gauge?

  21, 22, 23
• Who designed the biohazard symbol?

  Charles Baldwin
• Blue colored hub of a syringe means that the gauge is _

  23G
• Green colored hub of a syringe means that the gauge is _

  21G
• Black colored hub of a syringe means that the gauge is _

  22G
• Where can you find the color of the gauge?

  Hypodermic Needles: Hub

  Multi Sample Needles: _

  Cap
• What bacteria can be transferred when reusing tourniquets?

  Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
• What bacteria can be transferred when reusing tourniquets?

  Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
• Arrange the veins from the most recommended site for blood draw to the least recommended site

  Median, Cephalic, Basilic
• Blood : Anticoagulant ratio

  9:1
• What is the name of the gel found in the Gold top SST?


  Thixotropic gel 
• What is the specific gravity of the gel

  1.04 g/cm3
• What color of evacuated tube is used for cross matching?

  Pink
• Order of draw by color

  Yellow, Blue, Red, Green, Purple, Black/Grey
• Forms of additives:

  • Liquid
  • Spray-dried
  • Powder
  • Additive tubes must be gently inverted immediately after collection
• Categories of Blood Collection Additives:

  1. Anticoagulants

  2. Special-use anticoagulants

  3. Antiglycolytic agents

  4. Clot activators

  5. Thixotropic gel separator

  6. Trace element-free tubes
• Order of draw:

  • Tell us the particular tube is prioritized
  • Which tube should be used first
  • Depends on the type of test conducted or request of the doctor

  1. Sterile tube (blood culture)

  2. Blue-top coagulation tube

  3. Serum tube with or without clot activator, with or without gel

  4. Heparin tube with or without gel plasma separator

  5. EDTA tube

  6. Glycolytic inhibitor tube
• Basic set-up of patient includes: medical laboratory scientist, medtech, clinical laboratory scientist, or the phlebotomist
• Phlebotomist is the accurate term for the one who collects blood samples
• Absorption of infrared by blood vessels makes veins more visible
• Needle parts:

  • Hub: secures the needle
  • Shaft: whole length of the needle with the point and bevel at the end
  • Bevel:
  • Slanted point of the needle
  • Bevel faces the phlebotomist and not the skin
• Needlestick prevention device:

  • Accessory device that not all needles have
  • Needle gets secured in an adapter or a tube holder with a rubber sheet that is less sharp than the needle itself
• Some brands color-code gauge size

  • Sterility safety level indicates the gauge size
  • Expiration date and a broken label means the needle is no longer sterile
• Needle for Vacutainer tube:

  • Bottom part punctures the collection tube while the upper part punctures the skin (closed system)
  • As the gauge goes up, the needle becomes finer and as it goes down, it becomes larger and shorter
• Multi-sample needle:

  • Double-pointed needle
  • Part of an evacuated collection system
• Hypodermic Needles/Syringe:

  • Used with a syringe to draw blood and transfer it to an evacuated tube
  • Needle has a hub connected to the barrel, shaft, and bevel
  • Can attach a needlestick protection device
• Syringes:

  • All syringes used are graduated with different sizes
  • 5mL and 10mL capacity are normally used
  • Barrel and plunger with a rubber end to create a vacuum for blood collection
• Winged Infusion Set:

  • Provides stability for patients with small or fragile veins
  • Useful for pediatric patients or those with thin veins
  • Consists of wings and a hub with a long flexible tubing to attach to an evacuated tube or syringe system
• Evacuated Tube Holder:

  • Holds the needle and tube
  • Disposable after use for quality and safety management
  • Single-use in real phlebotomy practice
• Evacuated Collection Tube:

  • Premeasured vacuum with some containing additives and splash guards
  • Rubber stopper covered by a splash guard to prevent aerosol formation
  • Cap color identifies the additive in the tube
• Additives and Vacuum:

  • Cap color identifies the additive in the tube
  • CLSI provides standardized colored additives for classification
  • Nonadditive tubes are used for clearing or discard purposes only
• Microcollection Equipment:

  • Lancets are single-use for automatic pricking
  • Capillary tubes and sealant for hematocrit collection with one sealed end
  • Microcollection tubes have colors and additives similar to evacuated tubes
• This forms the body of a syringe that houses the plunger. It’s typically graduated.


  Barrel
• The horizontal extension found at the base of the syringe barrel

  Finger Flange
• Small, flat platform located at the end of the syringe’s plunger. It is designed to provide a comfortable and secure grip for the user while pushing the plunger during the injection process.

  Thumb rest
• Small, flat platform located at the end of the syringe’s plunger. It is designed to provide a comfortable and secure grip for the user while pushing the plunger during the injection process.

  Thumb rest
• Known as the plunger tip. It’s designed to create a tight seal with the inner walls of the barrel


  Rubber stopper