MAPEH: HISTORY OF PE

• Physical Education is the instruction in the development and care of the body ranging from simple calisthenic exercises to a course of study providing training in hygiene, gymnastics, and the performance and management of athletic games.
• Benefits of Physical Education - Inspires Self-Discipline, Improves Peer Relationships, Provides Stress Relief, Teaches Goal Setting, Improves Physical Fitness
• Ancient Greece (776 BC to 393 AD)- The ancient Greeks developed the concept of Olympic Games, which included various athletic events such as running, jumping, and discus throwing. Physical education was an essential component of Greek education, focusing on the development of the mind and body
• Milo of Croton - Stadion Race
• Roman Empire (600 BC to 476 AD) - The Romans adopted many aspects of Greek physical education, emphasizing military training and physical fitness.
• Middle Ages (500 to 1500 AD) During this period, physical education declined due to the dominance of the Church, which discouraged physical activities and emphasized spirituality. However, certain forms of physical education, such as archery and jousting, remained popular among the nobility.
• Renaissance (14th to 16th century) The Renaissance period witnessed a resurgence of interest in physical education. There was a focus on classical education, including ancient Greek and Roman physical activities.
• Enlightenment (18th century) The Enlightenment period saw the emergence of educational reformers who advocated for physical education as an essential part of a well-rounded education.
• Johann Christoph Friedrich GutsMuths is considered the father of physical education, introduced new gymnastic exercises and promoted the idea of PE in schools.
• Industrial Revolution (18th to 19th century) The rise of industrialization led to a decline in physical fitness due to sedentary work and unhealthy living conditions.
• Young Men’s Christian Association (YMCA) was established to promote physical fitness and sports activities.
• 20th Century - Physical education became a standard part of school curricula. The concept of physical education expanded to include team sports, exercise programs, and health education.
• Modern era- Physical education has evolved to address contemporary health issues such as obesity and sedentary lifestyles.