Overproduction or underproduction of sex hormones can cause emotional disturbances which could lead to criminal behaviour.
Males of most species are more aggressive and this could be put down to testosterone.
Ellis and Coontz claim that testosterone levels peak from puberty to early 20s and 30s.
The age range of peak testosterone levels also correlates with male offending rates.
Premenstrual tension, postnatal depression and lactation have been accepted as partial differences from women charged with crimes.
Low blood sugar can trigger aggressive action.
Alcohol is linked to crimes of violence.
There is a link between hypoglycemia and alcohol abuse.
Schoenthaler claims that by reducing the daily sucrose intake of young offenders it will reduce their antisocial behaviour.
Substance abuse, particularly alcohol, plays a significant role in about 1000 arrests per day, according to Saunders.
In the USA, Flanzer estimated that 80% of family violence involved alcohol or cocaine, which is also closely linked with violence, while cannabis, heroin and MDMA tend to reduce aggression.
Food additives and diet allergens, vitamins deficiencies can all affect biochemical processes in the body.
Lead and the synthetic food colouring tartrazine have both been linked with hyperactivity.
Vitamin B deficiencies have been linked to erratic and aggressive behaviour.