PAA

• Standard Anatomical Position

  • body is standing upright with face directed forward, arms hanging at sides and palms of hand facing forward. Feet flat and directed forward.
• Anatomical Planes

  Sagittal/Lateral Plane

  • vertical line dividing the body to left and right sections

  Frontal/Coronal Plane

  • vertical line dividing body into front (anterior) and back(posterior) sections

  Transverse/ Horizontal Plane

  • horizontal line dividing body to upper (superior) and lower (inferior) section
• Anatomical Cavities

  Cavities - or spaces, contain internal organs or viscera. The two main are:

  1. Ventral
  2. Dorsal
• Ventral Cavities - larger cavity subdivided into 2:

  • Thoracic Cavities - occupied by ventral internal organs superior to diaphragm. Consists of:

  1. Left and right Pleural cavities
  2. Mediastinum
  3. Pericardial Cavity

  • Abdominopelvic Cavities
• Dorsal - combination of:

  1. Cranial Cavity - occupied by brain, enclosed by skull bones
  2. Spinal Cavity
• Abdominal Quadrants:

  1. Right upper quadrant (RUQ)
  2. Left upper quadrant (LUQ)
  3. Right lower quadrant (RLQ)
  4. Left lower quadrant (LLQ)