Interviewed 2000 female twins in Sweden, born between 1910 and 1958
found that heavy use and abuse of cocaine and other substances were more dependant on genetic factors rather than environmental
concordance rates MZ - 35% DZ - 0%
supports role of genes playing a role in addiction
Method of modification
Research into addiction is pharmacogenetics. This is the investigations in how genetics can effect responses to medications. For example naltrexone which is often used for alcohol addiction has research which suggest that is is more effective in those with a certain gene mutation
determinism and ethical implications
assumes that there is no free will, reduces the amount of blame that an individual has and suggests that they have no control over their addiciton
determinism and ethical implications
Lewis stated that labelling an addiction as a Disease damages the self esteem of an addict, it can also lead to an addict being less likely to accept responsibility, which is important if they want to overcome addiction.
