Blood

• What are the two main functions of the circulatory system?

  Transport blood cells and protect against disease
• How do red blood cells transport oxygen?

  By containing hemoglobin rich in iron
• What is the significance of the shape of hemoglobin in red blood cells?

  It provides a large surface area for oxygen binding
• What do white blood cells do in the circulatory system?

  Defend against disease
• How do lymphocytes contribute to the immune response?

  By producing antibodies
• What role do platelets play in the blood?

  Help in blood clotting
• How do platelets assist in the clotting process?

  By forming a mesh to trap blood cells
• What is the main function of plasma in the blood?

  Transport blood cells and nutrients
• What substances does plasma transport?

  Blood cells, food molecules, and hormones
• How do kidneys maintain blood concentration?

  By controlling water reabsorption
• What happens if red blood cells are placed in water?

  They will take in water and burst
• Why is it important for red blood cells to maintain their shape?

  To efficiently transport oxygen throughout the body
• What is the relationship between blood cells and plasma concentration?

  Plasma concentration affects blood cell function
• What are the components of blood and their functions?

  • Red blood cells: Transport oxygen
  • White blood cells: Defend against disease
  • Platelets: Help in blood clotting
  • Plasma: Transport nutrients and waste
• How do the kidneys regulate blood concentration?

  • Control water reabsorption
  • Maintain electrolyte balance
  • Filter waste products from blood
• What is the process of blood clotting?

  1. Platelets adhere to injury site
  2. Platelets release chemicals to attract more platelets
  3. A mesh of fibrin forms to trap blood cells
  4. Clot stabilizes and prevents further bleeding
• What is the importance of maintaining blood concentration?

  • Ensures proper nutrient transport
  • Maintains osmotic balance
  • Supports efficient waste removal
• What do red blood cells transport?

  Oxygen
• How are red blood cells adapted for oxygen transport?

  They contain hemoglobin rich in iron
• What role does hemoglobin play in red blood cells?

  It binds to oxygen in the lungs
• What is the main function of blood plasma?

  Transport of blood cells and nutrients
• What do white blood cells defend against?

  Diseases
• What are the main components of blood?

  • Red blood cells
  • White blood cells
  • Blood plasma
  • Platelets
• What do lymphocytes produce?

  Antibodies
• What is the function of phagocytes?

  Engulf and digest microorganisms
• What do platelets help with?

  Blood clotting
• How do platelets contribute to blood clotting?

  They convert fibrinogen into fibrin
• What happens if red blood cells are placed in water?

  They will take in water and burst
• What is the role of the kidneys in blood regulation?

  They maintain blood concentration levels
• What do salts in plasma help with?

  Stabilizing concentrations
• Why is it important for red blood cells to be placed in the correct concentration?

  To prevent them from bursting in water
• What occurs during osmosis in red blood cells?

  They absorb water and may burst
• What is the process called when blood cells are placed in water?

  Osmosis
• What happens to red blood cells in a hypotonic solution?

  They swell and may burst
• What is the main function of blood vessels?

  Transport blood throughout the body
• How do blood vessels maintain blood flow?

  By regulating their diameter
• What is the significance of maintaining blood concentration levels?

  It prevents cell damage and maintains function
• What is the role of the kidneys in blood concentration?

  They control water reabsorption
• What happens if red blood cells are placed in a hypertonic solution?

  They lose water and shrink
• What is the effect of high salt concentration in blood plasma?

  It stabilizes the concentration of blood