group 1 (water)

• What are group one metals also known as?

  Alkali metals
• How many electrons do group one metals have in their outer energy level?

  One electron
• What happens to the reactivity of group one metals as we move down the group?

  It increases
• What is observed when lithium reacts with water?

  Effervescence and an alkaline solution
• What does the universal indicator turning purple indicate during the reaction?

  An alkaline solution is formed
• What gas is produced when lithium reacts with water?

  Hydrogen
• How does sodium's reactivity with water compare to lithium's?

  Sodium reacts more rapidly than lithium
• What is the nature of the reaction when potassium reacts with water?

  Extremely rapid reaction
• What is produced in the reaction between lithium and water?

  Lithium hydroxide and hydrogen
• What is the symbol equation for the reaction between lithium and water?

  $2Li +$$2H_2O \rightarrow 2LiOH +$$H_2$
• Why do group one metals lose their outer electron more easily as we move down the group?

  Increased atomic radius and shielding effect
• What effect does atomic radius have on the reactivity of group one metals?

  Greater distance decreases attraction to nucleus
• What is meant by 'shielding' in the context of group one metals?

  Electrons in inner levels repel outer electron
• What happens to the number of internal energy levels as we move down group one?

  They increase
• How does increased shielding affect the outer electron's attraction to the nucleus?

  It decreases the attraction
• What are the key points about the reactivity of group one metals with water?

  • React rapidly with water
  • Produce hydrogen gas
  • Form alkaline solutions
  • Reactivity increases down the group
• What are the reasons for increased reactivity of group one metals down the group?

  • Increased atomic radius
  • Greater distance from nucleus to outer electron
  • Increased shielding from inner electrons