Breathing and resporation

• The alveoli are the site where gas exchange occurs.
• Oxygen diffuses from the alveoli into the bloodstream through the walls of the pulmonary capillaries.
• Oxygen diffuses into the bloodstream through the walls of the capillaries surrounding the alveoli.
• The movement of air into and out of the lungs creates pressure gradients that drive respiration.
• Gas exchange is facilitated by diffusion, which allows oxygen to move from areas with high concentration (alveoli) to low concentration (blood), while carbon dioxide moves in the opposite direction.
• The diaphragm and intercostal muscles power dynamic respiration by changing the shape and position of the rib cage.
• Gas exchange occurs between alveoli (tiny air sacs) and capillaries, which is facilitated by diffusion.
• The pressure gradient between the alveoli and the atmosphere determines the direction of airflow in the respiratory system.
• The lungs are the organs responsible for gas exchange.
• Oxygen diffuses into the bloodstream through the thin walls of the alveoli, while carbon dioxide diffuses out of the bloodstream and into the lungs.
• Blood carries oxygenated hemoglobin throughout the body, delivering it to tissues that need it.
• Carbon dioxide diffuses from the bloodstream into the alveoli, which is then exhaled during breathing.
• Carbon dioxide diffuses from the bloodstream into the alveoli, which is then exhaled during breathing.
• Gas exchange between the lungs and blood takes place at the level of the alveolar-capillary membrane.
• Inspiration is when air moves into the lungs, while expiration is when air leaves the lungs.
• Carbon dioxide, which is produced by cellular respiration, diffuses out of the bloodstream and into the alveoli.
• Alveolar ventilation refers to the movement of air into and out of the alveoli.
• Alveolar ventilation refers to the movement of air in and out of the lungs during breathing.
• Ventilation refers to the process of moving air in and out of the lungs during breathing.
• Blood carries oxygen to all parts of the body.
• Respiration involves both ventilation and gas exchange between the lungs and bloodstream.
• Chemoreceptors detect changes in pH levels and carbon dioxide concentration in the blood.
• Capillaries are tiny vessels that connect arterioles with venules.
• Minute Ventilation (MV) - The total volume of air breathed in and out per minute.
• Breathing rate is regulated by the brainstem's medulla oblongata.
• Respiratory Rate (RR) - Number of breaths taken per minute.