textiles

Cards (20)

  • textiles categories-
    • natural fibres
    • synthetic fibres
    • blended and mixed fibres
    • woven and non-woven fabrics
    • knitted textiles
  • fabric types-
    wool- felt, polycotton
    cotton- polyester, nylon
    silk- elastane (lycra), acrylic
  • cotton- a soft white fibrous substance which surrounds the seeds of the cotton plant and is made into textile fibre and thread for sewing
    • cellulose fibres are spun into yarn
    • cotton is soft, durable and easy to wash, creases easily
  • wool- sourced from animal fleece
    • easily spun, woven or knitted
    • naturally crease resistant and able to absorb to absorb dyes
    • absorb vapours and keeps a layer of dry air next to skin, thermal insulator
  • cotton-
    • plant fibres from cellulose
    • look like twisted ribbon
    • strong, absorbent
  • wool-
    • animal fibres from protein molecules
    • short scaly fibres
    • trap air for thermal insulation
  • synthetic fibres- can be made from different types of polymer, derived from petrochemicals
    • dyes can be added to create colours
    • polyester, acrylic, polyamide (nylon)
    • strong, non-absorbent, washes well, easy blended ended with other fibres
  • polyester- crease, stain resistant and strong when wet or dry
    • often blended with other fibres (eg polycotton)
    • seat belts, rain jackets, fleeces
  • acrylic- lightweight, quick drying, crease resistant
    • mimics natural fibres like cotton and wool
    • commonly used in knitwear and sportswear
  • blended fabrics- two or more fabrics blended for enhanced properties
    • polycotton- polyester + cotton
    • lightweight, soft, absorbent
    • bed sheets, pillow cases, clothing
  • elasticity- how much a material will stretch and return to its original shape
  • resilience- materials will spring back into shape after deforming or compressive force
  • woven textiles- warns are woven together to form fabric
  • plain weave textiles- easy to produce and strong than more decorative weaves
    • stable fabric construction
    • calico, muslin, gingham, taffeta
    • bedding, tablecloths
  • twill weave textiles- distinctive diagonal lines in fabric
    • makes thicker fabric
    • curtains and soft finishings
    • denim
  • non woven textiles- sheet or web of fibres are bonded thermally, chemically, mechanically
    • made directly from fibres, don't fray
    • no weaving knitting is required
    • absorbency. sterility, s, strength, softness, flame resistant, cushioning
  • felted fabric- dense, non woven fabric
    • matted fibres are pressed with heat, moisture
    • felt is usually made of fool but can be mixed with synthetics to enhance resilience
    • not elastic, deforms when wet
  • knitting- series or interlocking loops produces knitted fabric
    • Weft knitting –the interlocking loops are formed horizontally, which enable it to stretch, but may lose shape
    • Warp knitting –the loops interlock vertically, so the knit keeps it shape and is less likely to unravel or ladder
    • Weft knits are suitable for close fitting garments as the stretch allows the wearer to move comfortably
  • bonded fabrics
    • fibres are held together by adhesives
    • fibres are HEATED if synthetic
  • benefits of bonded fabrics-
    • resistant to tear and breakage
    • fusion between fabrics increases longevity and strength