Chemistry

• Chemistry is the conversion, changing or reaction of elements or compounds into new substances with different properties.
• Chemistry is often considered the base of all science
• Elements are the building blocks of everything
• Elements have different properties absed on where they are on the table
• Atomic number=number of protons
• the atomic weight - atomic number = number of neutrons
• Weight depends on gravity
• Mass is always the same
• Chemistry is also the study of matter
• Alchemy was the first attempt at science
• 1g of h = 6.02 x 10 to the 23rd
• Elements are arranged by increasing atomic mass
• periodic table has different colors for different categories of elements with similar properties
• The periodic table can be used as an index
• Chemistry is one of the central science
• amount of protons = amount of electrons
• Atoms want to share or giveaway electrons to complete their outer orbital
• Count horizontal to know the amount an orbital needs
• If it has matter there can be a reaction
• Follow the electron to know what reaction occurs
• Ionic bond = opposite charge attraction between 2 ions
• Covalent = sharing orbitals (same number of electrons)
• Covalent is most common in gases and organic chemistry
• It's very difficult to break a covalent bond
• Ionic bonds are usually water soluble
• Everything is a result of a chemical bond
• Ionic bonds - charges are different
• Ionic - complete transfer of outer electrons
• Covalent - orbitals overlap
• Protons have a positive charge
• Electrons have a negative charge
• Neutrons have a neutral charge
• protons and neutrons are in the nucleus
• Electrons are in the orbitals
• Atoms bond to become stable
• 8 in the outer shell- noble gas structure
• Ionic - giving/taking
• Covalent - sharing
• Weak bond - water soluble
• Metal + non-metal = Ionic