TERM 2

Created by

Oriana Morales

Cards (32)

What is a Telomere? 
segment of DNA occuring at the ends of chromosomes in eukaryotic cells
What is the function of the centromere?
helps the cell divide up its DNA during division
What is a genome?
complete set of genetic material present in an organism
What is a gene?
a specific segment of DNA that contains the instructions for building one or more molecule
What was the human genome project? 
international research that aimed to map and sequence the entire human genome
What is morphological definition of species? 
It relies on observable physical characteristics
What is biological definition of species?
ability of organisms to interbreed and produce fertile offspring
Which features of chromosomes are taken into consideration when making a Kyrogram?
Size, centromere position, total chromosome number and sex chromosomes
What is a haploid cell? 
have a single set of chromosomes and are involved in sexual reproduction
What is a diploid cell? 
have two sets of chromosomes and are found in most body cells
Name advantages of personalized medicine? 
Early risk prediction, customized drug therapy, proactive management of genetic disorders
What is evolution? 
the gradual process of change and development in all forms of life over successive generat
What is natural selection?
organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring
What were Wallace's contributions to evolution?
biogeography, observations on mimicry, and advocacy for social and land reform
What is Divergent Evolution?
species that were once similar, but have now gone their separate ways
What are two evidences for Divergent Evolution?
Homologous structures and Vestigial organs
What is Convergent Evolution? distantly related groups of organisms face similar environmental conditions and adapt in similar way
What is Speciation? 
the process in which new species emerge from others that still exist
What is Geographic Isolation?
populations of a same species are separated because of geographical barriers
What is Allopatric Isolation?
individuals of the same species isolate from each other due to geographical factors
What is selective breeding?
choosing parents with particular characteristics to breed together
What are homologous structures?
look different and carry out different functions yet have the same basic bone structure.
What is the taxonomic rank? 
1)species 2)genus 3)family 4)order 5)class 6)phylum 7)kingdom 8)domain
Define the concept of Biodiversity 
The variety of life forms present on earth
What is species richness? 
the number of different species present in a particular area
What is species evenness?
the measure of how evenly individuals are distributed in an ecosystem
State two features that are only found in mammals
presence of mammary glands and sweat glands
What are examples of in-situ conservation of biodiversity?
Wildlife sanctuaries, Natural Reserves
Advantages of in-situ conservation 
allows species to continues thriving in their natural habit without adapting
Disadvantages of in-situ conservation
lack of control of conervation
Advantages of ex-situ conservation
Performance of captive breeding, controlled environment for research
Disadvantages of ex-situ conservation
forces species to move from their natural habitat