communication

• Communication is derived from a Latin word "communis", meaning common
• Haptics: sense of touch
• Proxemics: space maintained to an individual
• Iconics: symbols and signages used
• Olfactory: communication through smell
• Chronemics: how time is used to affect communication

  Monochronic - one at a time

  Polychronic - can be done multiple at once
• Presupposition: giving assumptions in an utterance without confirmation
• Gesture: movement of hand and head
• Facial Expression: movement of facial muscles
• Eye contact: looking directly into one's eyes
• Body Stance: position of a person's body
• Verbal/Lexical Component: words that are uttered or shared to express thoughts
• Paraverbal Component: how messages are conveyed through tone, pitch, and pacing of voices
• Non-lexical/Non-Verbal Component: messages sent through posture, gestures, facial expressions, and spatial distance
• Etymological perspective

  • derived from a latin word "communis", meaning common
  • common understanding of something
• Linear perspective

  • communication is process or act of transmitting a message from a sender to receiver
• Process of communication

  • sender
  • encoding
  • message
  • channel
  • decoding
  • receiver
• Interactive perspective

  • communication is the activity of conveying information through the exchange of thoughts, messages, or information, as by speech, visuals, signals, writing, or behavior
• Symbolic perspective

  • communication uses symbols to present things, process, ideas, or events
  • these symbols are arbitrary constructions that represent a communicator's thought
• Pragmatic perspective

  • any sign-mediated interaction that follows combinatorial, context-specific and content-coherent rules
• Purposive Communication

  • an intentional communication that happens within the bound of the specific context
  • transmission of message with the end in mind
• Function of Communication

  • Utilitarian Function
  • Aesthetic Function
  • Cathartic Function
  • Therapeutic Function
  • Phatic Function
  • Recording-Transmitting Function
  • Prevention of Communication
  • Instrumental Function
  • Affective Function
• Utilitarian Function

  • to fulfill our desires, needs and goals
  • express these aspirations and dreams
• Aesthetic Function

  • use of communication in an artistic manner like performing on a stage play, news casting, poetry interpretation, etc
• Cathartic Function

  • pouring out of suppressed emotions
  • use to release tension and repressed emotions
• Therapeutic Function

  • serves to maintain good health
  • applies curative effect of communication like counseling sessions
• Phatic Communication

  • start a communication
  • small talk and simple greetings like "hi"
• Recording-Transmitting Function

  • listening to information then relaying it to other people
  • jotting down received message and transmit to other people
• Prevention of Communication

  • stop communication
  • show disinterested in the speaker and a desire to end a conversation
• Instrumental Function

  • words of a person caused something to happen
  • use to express our need to get things done
• Affective Communication

  • effect of communication to reinforce a behavior of a person
  • affects the ego of a person and can make a person feel good or bad
• Components of Communication

  • Verbal/Lexical
  • Paraverbal
  • Non-lexical/Non-verbal
• Body Language

  • gesture
  • facial expression
  • eye contact
  • body stance
• Barriers of Communication

  • Noise Barrier
  • Environmental Factor
  • Defective Channel
  • Language Barrier
  • Poor Word Choice
  • Pronunciation of Words
  • Fear of Criticism
  • Physical Factor
• Noise Barrier

  • distract person in an environment
  • could be physical or psychological noise
• Environmental Factors

  • anything that distracts a person in an environment
• Defective Channel

  • medium that used to communicate
  • penmanship, printing
• Language Barrier

  • differences in language used
• Poor Word Choice

  • word choice that inappropriate in sentence
• Pronunciation of Words

  • words pronounce correctly