Rest of Science Quiz (2/5/24)

• Natural Selection-


  The process of selecting four or against (eliminating)certain, specific traits to be better adapted to their environment.
• Niche-


  A role that the organism plays in the environment
• Fitness


  Organisms abilit to survive for a long time in its given habitat, and it’s ability to produce numerous for offsprings
• Descent w modification-


  Adapting to be better suited for our environment
• Common descent -


  Idea that all life on earth is related
• Charles Darwin- 


  Came up w the idea of natural selection
• Niche- 


  NO two species can share the same niche and the same habitat (they can be similar but NOT identical)
• The number of niches in an ecosystem depends on the…

  Combination of biotic and antibiotic factors.
• competitor


  the relationship between between organisms that strive for the same resources in same habitat
• Predator 


  an organism who survives by killing and consuming other organisms
• prey 


  Organisms that predators kill
• Carrying Capacity 


  max population size that can be sustained by the habitat/ environment
• symbiotic relationship 


  Where both organism’s benefits equally in an environment
• Symbiosis 


  any relationship in which 2 species live closely together
• Parasitism 


  1 species benefits/lives on or inside another organism which is harmful (ex: tic on a dog)
• Adaptations


  The adjustment or changing of traits to become better suited for their environment
• Ecosystems have biotic and …

  Antibiotic factors
• habitat


  An area where an organism lives
• Biotic factors

  Living things: plants , animals, bacteria, and fungi
• Antibiotic factors

  Non living things (sun, air, water, soils, rocks , temperature, humidity, precipitation, weather, cycles, nitrogen, etc.)
• Biodiversity 


  An assortment or variety of living things (ex: rainforest)
• Keystone species


  a species that has an usually large effect on its ecosystem
• Forms maintain a…

  Complex web of life
• Niche factors 


  include all the factors that a species need to : survive, stay healthy, and reproduce
• Considerations for niches

  Temperature- range that an organism can tolerate
• Numbers of niches in an ecosystem

  Dependent upon the combo of biotic and antibiotic factors
• NO two species can share the same (. ) in a habitat

  Niche
• true or false Different species can occupy niches that’s similar

  True
• Community interactions 


  Resource availability gives structures to communicate
• When organisms live together in ecological communities,

  They interact constantly
• Competition 


  Occurs when two species use a resource in the same way
• Resource

  Any necessity of life such as water, nutrients , light, food, AMD space
• Competitive exclusion principles


  states that no two species can occupy the same niche in the same habitat @ the same time
• 1 species is better suited to the niche and the other will…


  either get pushed out or become extinct
• • The niche will be divided
  • the two species will further diverge
• ecological equivalents- 


  species that occupy similar niches but live in different geographical regions
• Predation 


  Interaction in which one organism captures and feeds on another organism
• The two types of parasitisms are:

  Ectoparasites (outside)

  Endoparasites (inside)
• • Ecosystems are constantly changing in response to natural and human disturbances
  • As an ecosystem changes, older inhabitants gradually die out and new organisms move in causing further changes in the community
  • Series of predictable changes that occur in a community over time.

  Ecological succession
• Primary succession-


  on land, succession that occurs where NO SOIL EXISTS