topic b4- bioenergetics

• photosynthesis

  water + carbon dioxide -light> glucose + oxygen
• photosynthesis

  6H2O + 6CO2 -light> C6H12O6 + 6H2O
• photosynthesis

  • if a plant has more CO2 and water, it is able to perform photosynthesis better
  • and at a quicker rate and for longer
• factors affecting photosynthesis

  • carbon dioxide
  • water
  • sunlight
  • temperature
  • chlorophyll
• limiting factors

  
• limiting factors

  • one of the factors is missing
  • holds back the rate of photosynthesis
  • it can't happen without all five factors
• respiration (specifically aerobic respiration)- word equation

  glucose + oxygen -light> water + carbon dioxide
• respiration- balanced symbol equation

  C6H12O6 + 6O2 -light> 6H2O + 6CO2
• metabolism

  the sum of all the chemical reactions in your body
• aerobic

  with oxygen
• anaerobic

  • without oxygen
  • exercise lead to oxygen debt
• oxygen debt

  • your body repays the oxygen
  • after your body has performed anaerobic respiration
• plants produce glucose, how do they use it

  • respiration- make energy
  • making cellulose- cell walls
  • making amino acids- proteins
  • stores as oils and fats- in seeds
  • store as starch- for winter when less photosynthesis
• limiting factors for the rate of photosynthesis

  • light
  • carbon dioxide
  • temperature
• controlling conditions for the rate of photosynthesis

  • using greenhouses to control carbon dioxide and temperature
  • traps the sun heat in, and use artificial lights to maintain levels at night/ winter
• controlling conditions

  • this is just one example
  • light intensity would be virtually the same
  • if temperature becomes too high, enzymes denature so photosynthesis cannot happen

  
• how organisms use energy from respiration

  • build up larger molecules (proteins from amino acids)
  • allow muscles to contract in animals
  • maintain a constant body temperature
• metabolism- key definition

  all the chemical reactions in an organism
• metabolism- the chemical reactions consist of

  • synthesis (making/ building) reactions
  • decomposition (breakdown) reaction
• synthesis reactions- creation of

  • starch from glucose
  • protein from amino acids
  • lipids from glycerol and fatty acids
• decomposition reaction- breakdown of

  • glucose for respiration
  • protein to urea
• aerobic respiration

  • using oxygen
  • same equation general respiration equation
  • most common kind
• anaerobic respiration

  • not using oxygen
  • glucose -> lactic acid
  • used in intense exercise
• oxygen debt

  • after anaerobic respiration, the body is in an oxygen deficit (doesn't have enough oxygen)
  • to fix this, you naturally breathe heavily to remove lactic acid and return to tissues
  • once repaid, your body returns to a normal breathing rate
• oxygen debt