PHLEB (LEC)

• Phelobotomy


  A early medical theory developed by Hippocrates (460-377 A.C)
• The term "phlebotomy" comes from two Greek words, "phlebos," meaning vein, and "tome," meaning to cut.
• In ancient times, bloodletting was used as a treatment for various diseases such as headaches, epilepsy, gout, and mental disorders.
• Phlebotomist is the person who performs phlebotomy
• Phlebotomists are trained professionals who specialize in the collection of blood samples through venipuncture or skin punctures
• Bloodletting is the process of removing blood from the body through incision or puncture.
• Venesection is the removal of whole blood from a vein using a needle and syringe.
• Venesection

  it is another word of phelobotomy which come from the Greek Word phlebos or "vein and tome which means "incision"
• The first recorded use of bloodletting dates back to around 2000 BC when it was practiced by the Egyptians.
• Galen, a prominent physician during the Roman Empire, further popularized bloodletting and believed that it could cure almost any disease.
• Bloodletting continued to be widely used throughout history until the late 19th century when advances in medicine led to a better understanding of the role of blood in the body and the development of more effective treatments for various diseases.
• Pathogenic


  capable of causing productive disease
• Non-Pathogenic


  do not cause disease in normal conditions
• Communicable Infections


  Infections that are able to spread from person to person
• Nosocomial Infections


  health care facility acquired infections caused from direct contact with infected personnel, patients, visitors and contaminated equipment
• Centers for disease control and prevention (CDC)

  An agency of the U.S. Department

  of Health and Human

  Services in charged with

  the investigation and

  control of various diseases,

  especially those that are

  communicable and have epidemic

  potential.
• Salmonella Infection


  handling contaminated chicken
• Shigella Infection

  From drinking contaminated water
• Universal Precaution

  Blood and body fluids of all

  individuals are to be considered

  potentially infectious”
• Heat- To raise the temperature of the material until it ignites
• Oxygen- maintain combustion or burning
• Susceptible Host - Someone with a deceased ability to resist infection
• Alcohol-based antiseptic hand cleaners

  Have superior Microbiocidal activity
• Standard Precaution


  Assume that every person is potentially infected or colonized with an organism that could be transmitted in the healthcare setting
• Universal Precaution


  Blood and body fluids of all individuals are to be considered infectious
• Biosafety


  Describe the safe handling of biological substance that pose a risk to health
• Biohazard


  anything harmful or potentially harmful to health
• BBP is a term applied to any infectious microorganism present in the blood and other body fluids and tissue
• OSHA requires processing areas to be decontaminated by cleaning them in a 1:10 bleach solution
• IN THE EVENT OF FIRE BY NFPA

  RACE
• HOW TO USE A FIRE EXTINGUISHER

  PASS
• recommended dilution for this? Chemical solutions regulated by the enviromental protection agency (EPA) that are used to remove or kill microorganisms on surfaces and instruments

  1:100 dilution is recommended for decontaminating surfaces after cleaning up blood or other body fluids in patient care setup
• leakproof plastic bags used to transfer blood and other specimens from the collection site to the laboratory

  Biohazard bags
• used to make blood films for hematology determination

  Slides
• The needle goes in the skin what part of the needle retracts? Sleeve
• gauge needle size: scalp or tiny veins of premature infants and neonates

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