Photomorphogenesis

• The phytochrome system is responsible for the regulation of plant growth, development, and responses to environmental stimuli.
• Plants have two main types of photoreceptors: phytochromes and cryptochromes.
• Photoreceptors are proteins that absorb light energy and convert it into chemical signals within cells.
• Plants have two main types of photoreceptors: phytochromes (red/far-red) and cryptochromes (blue).
• Cryptochrome is involved in regulating circadian rhythms and flowering time.
• Phytochromes are involved in regulating seed germination, stem elongation, flowering time, and fruit ripening.
• Photoperiodism refers to the ability of plants to respond to changes in day length or light intensity.
• Light-dependent reactions occur in chloroplasts and involve the absorption of light energy by pigments such as chlorophyll.
• Cryptochromes are blue light receptor pigments involved in regulating various aspects of plant growth and development.
• Photoperiodism refers to the ability of plants to respond to changes in day length or light intensity.
• Light-dependent reactions occur in chloroplasts and involve the absorption of light energy by pigments such as chlorophyll.
• Cryptochromes are blue light receptor pigments involved in regulating various aspects of plant growth and development.
• Phytochromes are red/far-red light receptors that play a role in seed germination, stem elongation, leaf expansion, and flowering.
• Chlorophyll absorbs red (R) and blue (B) wavelengths of visible light most efficiently.
• Phytochromes are red/far-red light receptors that play a role in seed germination, stem elongation, leaf expansion, and flowering.
• Phytochromes are red/far-red receptor pigments involved in regulating various aspects of plant growth and development.
• Phytochromes are involved in regulating seed germination, stem elongation, leaf expansion, and flowering.
• Phytochromes are found in all plants and play important roles in seed germination, stem elongation, flowering, fruit ripening, and other processes.
• Phytochromes are red/far-red receptor pigments involved in regulating various aspects of plant growth and development.
• Phytochromes are found in all plants and play important roles in seed germination, stem elongation, flowering, fruit ripening, and other processes.
• There are five different forms of phytochrome (A through E) with varying absorption spectra.
• ATP and NADPH are then used in the Calvin cycle to fix carbon dioxide into organic compounds.
• The photoreceptors phytochrome and cryptochrome play important roles in regulating plant responses to different wavelengths of light.
• There are five different forms of phytochrome (A through E) with varying absorption spectra.
• ATP and NADPH are then used in the Calvin cycle to fix carbon dioxide into organic compounds.
• The photoreceptors phytochrome and cryptochrome play important roles in regulating plant responses to different wavelengths of light.
• The photoreceptors phytochrome A (Pfr) and phytochrome B (Pr) play important roles in photoperiodic responses.
• The red/far-red reversible interconversion of Pfr and Pr forms of phytochrome allows it to function as both an activator and inhibitor of gene expression.
• The photoreceptors phytochrome A (Pfr) and phytochrome B (Pr) play important roles in photoperiodic responses.
• The red/far-red reversible interconversion of Pfr and Pr forms of phytochrome allows it to function as both an activator and inhibitor of gene expression.
• Electrons from the splitting process are transferred through an electron transport chain, generating ATP and NADPH.
• Electrons from the splitting process are transferred through an electron transport chain, generating ATP and NADPH.
• Red light promotes stem elongation, while far-red light inhibits stem elongation.
• The absorbed light energy is used to split water molecules into oxygen and hydrogen atoms.
• Pfr has higher affinity for binding to chromatin than Pr, leading to changes in gene expression.
• Red light promotes stem elongation, while far-red light inhibits stem elongation.
• The absorbed light energy is used to split water molecules into oxygen and hydrogen atoms.
• Pfr has higher affinity for binding to chromatin than Pr, leading to changes in gene expression.
• The ratio of red to far-red light affects plant growth and development.
• Long days promote flowering, while short days inhibit flowering.