research ethics

• Researchers must obtain voluntary and informed consent from all human participants before proceeding with an experiment.
• The researcher is responsible for ensuring informed consent by providing clear information about the nature of the study, its purpose, and any possible risks involved.
• Participants have the right to withdraw from the study at any time without penalty, and their data will be treated confidentially.
• "Justice" refers to the fair distribution of benefits and burdens of research. The costs and benefits of research must be distributed fairly among different groups.
• Researchers must ensure that the benefits outweigh any potential risks or harms to participants.
• "Beneficence" refers to the moral obligation to benefit others and do good. Researchers must maximize benefits and minimize harms to participants.
• Informed consent is a fundamental ethical principle in research that protects the rights and welfare of participants.
• Researchers must ensure that participants have the capacity to understand the information provided and make a voluntary decision to participate.
• Informed consent is the process by which researchers inform potential participants about their rights, risks, benefits, procedures, and alternatives to participation.
• Participants have the right to refuse or withdraw from participating at any time without penalty.
• Informed consent can be obtained through written or verbal communication, depending on the specific requirements of the institution where the research will take place.
• If a participant decides to withdraw, they are no longer obligated to participate further in the study.
• Deception may sometimes be necessary in psychological experiments, but it should only occur when there are no other viable alternatives and the potential benefits outweigh the harm caused.
• If deception is used, researchers must ensure that participants are debriefed as soon as possible after the experiment has ended.
• Benefits can include knowledge gained through the study, improved health outcomes, and financial compensation.
• Debriefing involves informing participants about the true nature of the study after it has been completed.
• Participants must also be given the opportunity to ask questions and receive answers before making a decision to participate.