21st century (ma'am goldie)

• Literature is derived from the Latin word LITTERA which means letter
• Literature is anything printed related to the ideas and feelings of people, whether true or imaginary
• Literature expresses feelings towards society, government, surroundings, fellowmen, and Divine Creator
• Literature expands thought and understanding, unlocking minds and perceptions about the world
• Reading literature develops critical thinking skills, helping understand hidden messages and form opinions
• Studying literature provides a glimpse of the past, including history, customs, traditions, and lifestyles
• Literature helps understand other cultures and beliefs, enhancing knowledge of different systems of living
• Reading literature polishes writing skills and enhances writing style
• Literature cultivates wisdom, providing knowledge of good and evil
• Literature enables the study of human psychology through characters, gaining knowledge about the human psyche
• Studying literature helps in self-understanding, making individuals deeper and more self-conscious about characters and emotions
• Literature serves as a source of entertainment, offering leisure time for readers
• Literature addresses humanity and human nature, making connections with people
• Philippine Literature is diverse and has evolved alongside the country's history
• Evolution of Philippine Literature depended on colonization influences and the spirit of the age
• Indigenous Philippine Literature was based on traditions and customs, handed down through word of mouth
• Pre-Colonial Philippine Literary Forms:

  • Written Literature:
  • Riddles or Bugtong
  • Epigrams or Salawikain
  • Poems or Tanaga
  • Oral Literature:
  • Chant or Ambahan
  • Balagtasan
• Literary Influences during Spanish Colonization:

  • Doctrina Christiana
  • Libro de la Lengua Tagala
  • Pasyon
  • Filipino writers in Spanish became conscious for freedom
• Literary Influences during American Colonial Period:

  • Short story writers in English like Manuel Arguilla
  • Poetry in English
  • Sarsuela overpowered by English drama
• Contemporary Period:

  • Revival of Tagalog literature
• Period of Activism:

  • Peak of irreverence for the poor
  • Emergence of Bomba films
• Period of New Society:

  • Themes of poems focused on patience, native culture, customs, and nature's beauties
  • Revival of old plays and dramas
• 21st Century Literature:

  • Characterized as gender-sensitive, technologically alluding, culturally pluralistic, operating on extreme reality or fiction, and questioning conventions and norms
• Literature is derived from the Latin word LITTERA which means letter
• Literature is anything printed related to the ideas and feelings of people, whether true or a product of imagination
• Literature expresses feelings of people to society, government, surroundings, fellowmen, and Divine Creator
• Literature expands thought and understanding, helping unlock minds and perception about the world
• Literature develops critical thinking skills, allowing readers to grasp meanings between the lines and understand hidden messages
• Studying literature provides a glimpse of the past, including history, customs, traditions, lifestyles, and interests of specific times
• Literature helps understand other cultures and beliefs, enabling comprehension of different systems of living around the world
• Reading literature polishes writing skills, enhancing writing style and skills
• Literature cultivates wisdom, providing knowledge and wisdom of good and evil
• Literature helps in self-understanding, making readers deeper and more self-conscious about characters and emotions
• Literature is a source of entertainment, serving as a hobby for people and providing leisure time
• Literature addresses humanity and human nature, making connections with humanity
• Philippine Literature is diverse and has evolved alongside the country's history
• Evolution of Philippine Literature depended on colonization influences and the spirit of the age
• Indigenous Philippine Literature was based on traditions and customs of specific areas, handed down through word of mouth
• Two Pre-Colonial Philippine Literary Forms:

  • Written Literature:
  • Riddles or Bugtong
  • Epigrams or Salawikain
  • Poems or Tanaga
  • Oral Literature:
  • Chant or Ambahan
  • Balagtasan
• Spanish Colonial Period (1565-1897):

  • Doctrina Christiana was the first book printed in the Philippines
  • Libro de la Lengua Tagala by Fernando Bagongbanta
  • Pasyon influenced by Spanish Christianity
  • Filipino writers in Spanish became conscious for freedom