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physics imp notes
electromagnetism
electromagnetism
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A
moving
charge produces an electric
current
, which generates a
magnetic
field around it.
Electric motors
convert
electrical
energy into
mechanical
energy through the interaction between
magnets
and
coils.
The direction of the magnetic field is determined by Fleming's
left-hand
rule (
thumb
points to the direction of
motion
, fingers
wrap
around the wire).
Paramagnetism
is a form of magnetism caused by the
spins
of individual
electrons
or
atoms
interacting with each other.
Magnetic fields can be created using
magnets
or
electric currents.
A
moving charge
creates a
magnetic field
around it, with the
direction
determined by the
right-hand
rule (thumb points in the direction of
motion
).
The direction of a magnetic field is indicated by
lines
that
encircle
the field, and these lines are known as
magnetic field lines.
The strength of a magnetic field depends on the
amount
of
electric current
flowing in the
conductor
or the
strength
of the
magnetic material.
A magnetic field is a
region
in
space
where a
magnetic force
can be
detected.
Magnetic fields
are created by moving
electric charges
or by
magnetic materials.
The
strength
of the
magnetic
force depends on the
speed
of the
charged
particle and its
mass.
Magnetic fields can be created by
permanent magnets
or
induced
by passing an
electric current
through a
wire.
Magnets have
two
poles (
north
and
south
) that
attract
or
repel
other
magnets
depending on their
orientation.
Like
poles repel while
unlike
poles attract.
Lenz's Law
states that the
polarity
of the
induced emf opposes
the
cause
of its
production.
Faraday's law
states that the
induced emf
in a closed loop is
proportional
to the rate of change of
flux linkage
with
time.
Electric
charges create
magnetic
fields, while
moving
charges create both an
electric
field and a
magnetic
field.
Electrically neutral
objects do not have an
intrinsic magnetic field
unless they contain
moving charges.
This force causes the path of the electron to
bend
at
right angles
to the original
trajectory.
When an electron moves through a magnetic field, it experiences a force
perpendicular
to both its
velocity
vector and the
magnetic field
vector.
Electric
charges create
magnetic
fields, which can be used to detect
charged
particles such as
protons
and
alpha
particles.
The direction of this deflection can be predicted using Fleming's
left-hand rule.